推荐2018年6月学英语四级模拟试卷答案套
PartⅠ Writing (答题时间30分钟)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes write a composition on the topic The Way to Success based on the following outlines
You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words
PartⅡ listening comprehension
Section A (three news reports)略
Section B (two long conversations)略
Section C (three passages)略
PartⅢ reading comprehension(答题时间40分钟)
Section A
Directions In this section there is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards from warm praise to cold cash affect motivation and creativity Behaviorists who study the relation between actions and their consequences argue that rewards can (26) performance at work and school Cognitive (认识派) researchers who study various aspects of mental life maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on (27) and gifts from others
The latter view has gained many supporters (28) among educators But the careful use of small (29) rewards speaks creativity in grade school children suggesting that properly presented inducements (刺激) indeed (30) inventiveness according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
If kids know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively (31) task they show the most creativity says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark But it's easy to (32) creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for (33) achievement ends up with uninspired students Eisenberger holds As an example of the latter point he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and (34) failing grades
In early grades the use of socalled token economies in which students handle challenging problems and receive performancebased points toward valued rewards shows (35) in raising efforts and creativity the Delaware psychologist claims
A) mental
B) promise
C) kill
D) avoid
E) hope
F) especially
G) aid
H) ordinary
I) approval
J) monetary
K) generally
L) improve
M) challenging
N) restore
O) excellent
sroots Remedy
A) Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world To this end we walk the dog play golf go fishing sit in the garden drink outside rather than inside the pub have a picnic live in the suburbs go to the seaside buy a weekend place in the country The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk And when joggers (慢跑者) jog they don't run the streets Every one of the minstinctively heads to the park or the river It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature but we all seek nature whether we know we are doing so or not
B) But despite this our children are growing up naturedeprived ( 丧失) I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Stratham Common south London These days children are robbed of these an cientfreedoms due to problems like crime traffic the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children that is to say things that can be bought rather than things that can be found
C) The truth is to be found elsewhere A study in the US families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( 动症) Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19 those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4
D) A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment academic levels were raised across the entire school
E) Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment In playgrounds children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities with the tough ones taking the lead But when a grassy area was planted with bushes the children got much more into fantasy play and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity
F) Most bullying (持枪凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) play ground the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore This reminds mean pleasantly of Sunny hill School in Stratham with its harsh tarmac where I used to hang about incomers fantasizing about wildlife The children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces for health and safety reasons for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage So instead the damage is done to the children themselves not to their bodies but to their souls
G) One of the great problems of modem childhood is ADHD now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children However we spend money on drugs rather than on green places
H) The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality
I) In wider and more difficult areas of life there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundingsim prove all kinds of things Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world Dr William Bird researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of birds states in his study A natural environment can reduce violent behavior because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavior Wild places need encouraging for this reason no matter how small their contribution
J) We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favor that human beings are granting to the natural world The error here is far too deep not only do humans need nature for themselves but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物) For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with nonhuman life Anyone who has patted a dog stoked a cat sat under a tree with a pint of beer given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day understands that We need the wild world It is essential to our wellbeing our health our happiness Without the wild world we are not more but less civilized Without other living things around us we are less than human
K) Five Ways to Find Harmony with the Natural World Walk Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof Get off a stop earlier make a circuit of the park at lunchtime walk the child to and from school get a dog feel yourself moving in moving air look listen absorb
Sit Take a moment every now and then to be still in an open space In the garden anywhere that's not in the office anywhere out of the house away from the routine Sit under a tree look at water feel refreshed ever so slightly renewed
Drink The best way to enjoy the natural world is by oneself the second best way is in company Take a drink outside with a good person a good gathering talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background
Learn Expand your boundaries Leam five species of bird five butterflies five trees five bird songs That way you see and hear more and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life
Travel The places you always wanted to visit by the seaside in the country in the hills Take a weekend break a daytrip get out these and do it for the scenery for the way through the woods for the birds for the bees Go somewhere special and bring specialness home It lasts forever after all
36 The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill
37 The author's profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways
38 It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD
39 Elderly people will enjoy a life of better quality when they contact more with nature
40 Nowadays people think things that can be bought are best for children rather than things that can be found
41 Dr William Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence
42 According to a study in the U S Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showed much better improvement
43 Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying
44 We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways among which there are walking sitting drinking learning and traveling
45 It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated
Section C
Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A B C andD You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage
When families gather for Christmas dinnersome will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandmas generationTheir tables will be set with the good dishes and silverand the dress code will be Sundaybest
But in many other homesthis china——and——silver elegance has given way to stoneware (粗陶)——and——stainless informalitywith dresses assuming an equally casual——Friday lookFor hosts and guests the change means greater simplicity and comfortFor makers of fine china in Britainit spells economic hard times
Last week Royal Doultonthe largest employer in StokeonTrentannounced that it is eliminating 1000 jobs——onefifth of its total workforceThat brings to more than 4000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) regionWedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizingthe layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shiftsA spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trendtoward casual dining Families eat together less oftenhe explainedand more people eat aloneeither because they are single or they eat in front of television
Even dinner partiesif they happen at allhave gone causalIn a time of long work hours and demanding family schedulesbusy hosts insistrightlythat its better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates inthe family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a real dinner partyToo oftenthe perfect moment never comesIron a finepattened tablecloth Forget itPolish the silver Who has time
Yet the loss of formality has its down sideThe fine points of etiquette(礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents(Chew with your mouth closedkeep your elbows off the table)must be picked up elsewhereSome companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially
Choose correct answers to the question：
46The trend toward casual dining has resulted in ______
Abankruptcy of fine china manufacturers
BShrinking of the pottery industry
Crestructuring of large enterprises
DEconomic recession in Great Britain
47Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining
AFamily members need more time to relax
BBusy schedules leave people no time for formality
CPeople want to practice economy in times of scarcity
DYoung people wont follow the etiquette of the older generation
48It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is _______
Aa retailer of stainless steel tableware
Ba dealer in stoneware
Ca pottery chain store
Da producer of fine china
49The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _______
Athe increased value of the pound
Bthe economic recession in Asia
Cthe change in peoples way of life
Dthe fierce competition at home and abroad
50Refined table manners though less popular than before in current social life _______
Aare still a must on certain occasions
Bare bound to return sooner or later
Care still being taught by parents at home
DCan help improve personal relationships
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
In bringing up childrenevery parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition (学会) of each new skill the first spoken wordsthe first independent stepsor the beginning of reading and writingIt is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning ratebut this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he readsOn the other handthoughif a child is left alone too muchor without any learning opportunitieshe loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their childrenSome may be especially strict in money mattersOthers are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for mealsIn generalthe controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness
As regard the development of moral standards in the growing childconsistency is very important in parental teachingTo forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德)Alsoparents should realize that
example is better than precept If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselvesand realize they have been to some extent fooled
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment
Choose correct answers to the question：
51Eagerly watching the childs acquisition of new skill ______
Acan be avoided
Bis universal among parents
Csets up dangerous states of worry in the child
Dwill make him lose interest in learning new things
52In the process of childrens learning new skills parents ________
Ashould encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
Bshould not expect too much of them
Cshould achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
Dshould creative as many learning opportunities as possible
53The second paragraph mainly tells us that _________
Aparents should be strict with their children
Bparental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
Cparental restrictions vary and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone
Dparental vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation
54The word precept (Line3 Para3) probably means _______
AIdea
Bpunishment
Cbehavior
Dinstruction
55In moral matters parents should ________
Aobserve the rules themselves
Bbe aware of the marked difference between adults and children
Cforbid things which have no foundation in morality
Dconsistently ensure the security of their children
Part IV Translation ( 答题时间30分钟 )
Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2
理查德尼克松癌症宣战已三十年间少专家学者耗费巨资试图寻找种方法攻克难题天癌症死亡率七十年代旧差样高美国妇女中死乳腺癌患者世界许国家五三十倍泰国十万妇女中仅25死乳腺癌美国妇女会3040遭厄运原没会否认饮食关系科学家认：
天摄入二三磅食物环境范围接触必须十分重视良饮食惯说正确饮食惯根世界癌症利减少患癌症风险
PartⅠ Writing 答案
说明：写作部分占整套试卷15 1065分
部分达639分格
Sample Writing
Migrant Workers
Each year attracted by job opportunities thousands of migrant workers rush into cities to better their life While fulfilling their personal desires these migrant workers also provide urban residents with more conveniences by working in all walks of life Besides they meet the emergent needs of work force in some industries such as construction and help to quicken the steps of city construction through their hard work therefore contributing a lot to the city’s social and economic development
However cities are at the same time confronted with many problems created by migrant workers For example too many migrant workers result in over crowded space and thus cause housing problem secondly they make a mess of city’s environment by littering casually and thirdly migrant population may create difficulties in carrying family planning policy etc
But we can’t expel migrant workers from cities just because of the above problems
We should adopt correct attitudes towards them and take effective measures to solve them We firmly believe that migrant workers will be of greater help to citylife in future
PartⅢ reading comprehension 分值说明
说明：阅读部分占整套试卷35 2485分
英语四级阅读选词填空题355分余题71分
1选词填空篇 5 10题题355分
2长篇阅读篇 10 10题题71分
3仔细阅读 20 10题 2篇篇5题题142分
时间：40分钟 部分达149分格做18左右
Section A 答案解析
26解析O处需副词修饰动词done根文意思文中列举工作部分女性完成primarily符合
27解析K处需形容词作定语修饰work根文意思____work应family shoppingpreparing meals列属inhome jobs结合选项voluntary带入意义务工作符合文意
28解析G根文意思填入名词应该前分句概括选situation局面情况
29解析J根文意男女间然存巨工资_______处显然填数名词单数结合选项gao差距符合文意
30解析 C根文意职业女性——收入带独立购买功处显然填动词选项动词中显然generate产生生产符合文意
31解析 N处需动词原形作句子谓语根文意思难出purchase符合
32解析 M处应填动词作谓语根前文时间Not long ago知填动词式根句中ignoringsuggesting部分意思insulted符合题意
33解析I处需形容词作定语修饰customers根文意思前句句存种关系前句说侮辱女性没法买车句显然表达女性potential潜顾客
34解析 H处需副词作定式状语修饰pay attention代入选项中剩余副词reallytechnically难出really符合文意
35解析 D根文前句说日男性导国家句中说日社会促美国公司更加关注女性购买者显然两者间extreme强烈
Section B 答案解析
36The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill瑞典研究说明更接触然孩子更少生病
解析 D)细节题根句中关键词a study in Sweden定位D)段首句瑞典项研究显示然环境中玩耍幼园朋友惯正规运动场玩耍朋友少患病身体更健康
37The author’S profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways作者深信会通种方式寻找然
解析A)细节题根句中the author’s profound belief定位文章A)段末句作者深信类仅需然寻觅着然
38It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD动症童提供更绿色生活空间会帮助
解析 G)细节题根句中关键词children with ADHDgreen spaces定位G)段倒数两句众研究表明然接触患动症孩子益然钱花药物非绿色生活空间
39Elderly people will enjoy a life of beber quality when they contact more with nature老年接触然享受优质生活
解析 H)纳题根句中关键词elderly people定位H)段果老年接触然机会生活状况会明显改善少着老年增应该更关注生活质量生命年限众研究发现花园提高老年生活质量唯重素句中段简纳
40Nowadayspeople think things that can be bought are best for childrenrather than things that Can be found觉买东西孩子发现东西
解析B)细节题根句中关键词things that Can be bough foundbest for children定位B)段末句关什孩子奇怪新观念觉买东西发现东西
41DrWilliam Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violenceWilliam Bird博士研究中提接然助减少暴力行
解析 I)细节题句中DrWilliam Bird定位I)段倒数第二句研究中提出样观点：然环境减少暴力行恢复程助减少愤怒动
42According to a study in the USChildren with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showedmuch beRer improvement
美国项研究显示：住然风光视野更开阔房子里动症童进步幅度更
解析 C)推理题根句中关键词a study in the US定位C)段该段指出调查发现住然风光视野更开阔房子里患改善19住物质条件等改善没美丽然风景房子里患仅改善4推演出：住然风光视野更开阔房子里动症童进步幅度更
43Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying
机会探索然界孩子太恃强凌弱
解析 F)细节题根句中关键词explore natural areas定位F)段首句数恃强凌弱现象发生柏油碎石运动场学校鼓励孩子探索然环境中少发生
44We can find harmony with the natural world in various waysamong which there are walkingsittingdrinkinglearning andtravelin9然谐相处方式：散步静坐畅饮学旅行
解析 K)纳题根句中关键词find harmony with the natural world定位K)段末段该段列举然谐相处方式句中整段概括
45It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated
类然世界分离种想法非常害
解析 J)细节题根句中关键词humanity and the naturalseparated定位J)段第二句原句but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damagin9(种类然界割裂开观念毁灭性)
Section C Passage One 答案解析
答案解析：
答案解析：
46[B] 推理判断题首先题目中casual dining找第2段中informality两for引导介词短语说英国精致瓷器制造商说(informality)意味着济困难时期
外第3段数具体指出陶瓷业裁员严重说明陶瓷业萎缩BAD均属夸事实C文章容关
47[B] 事实细节题根倒数第2段第2句中指出现休闲文化流行背景：工作时间长家庭生活节奏紧张B中 Busy schedules文中demanding family schedules应答案
48[D] 事实细节题Royal Doulton文章中出现两次：第3段说裁员餐越越意(讲究餐具精致)第 4 段中A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company……暗示公司性质推断精制器皿生产者
49[C] 事实细节题根题目中the layoffs找文章第4段首句中have their roots in相题目中main cause isshifts相C中change实题第1题交叉相关第1题题目找题答案
50[A] 事实细节题根段特第2句The fine points of etiquette…… must be picked up elsewhere良餐桌礼仪必须方重拾起知礼仪某场合必答案A
Section C Passage Two 答案解析
答案解析：
51[B] 事实细节题第1段第1句中every parentoften等词表明种做法父母中非常普遍显然B相符A说法原文原文出题干述现象难避免C中dangerous—词原文中修饰情绪C符D孩子独处果题干述行果
52[C] 推理判断题第1段第2句说明父母逼太分应避免句说明孩太放流样利两点做出判断：父母孩子严松间恰度C相符
53[C] 事实细节题文章第2段表明：家长孩子制程度家长孩制仅孩子幸福反映父母需社区价值观C原文相符
54[D] 词义理解题precept句猜测precept应example相文preach意思相D正确
55[A] 推理判断题第3段提父母应该避免讲套做套结合段出结：关思想道德教育问题父母应身作带头遵循A正确
Part IV Translation ( 30 minutes ) 汉译英 151065分
请面段话翻译成英文：
理查德尼克松癌症宣战已三十年间少专家学者耗费巨资试图寻找种方法攻克难题天癌症死亡率七十年代旧差样高美国妇女中死乳腺癌患者世界许国家五三十倍泰国十万妇女中仅25死乳腺癌美国妇女会3040遭厄运原没会否认饮食关系科学家认：天摄入二三磅食物环境范围接触必须十分重视良饮食惯说正确饮食惯根世界癌症利减少患癌症风险
参考译文：
It has already been three decades since Richard Nixon declared fight against cancerduring which many specialists and scholars spent a large amount of money trying to seek various ways to crack this hard nutYet today the death rate of cancer is nearly as high as it was in the 1970s American women's death rate of breast cancer is five to thirty times as high as that of women in many other countries of the worldIn Thailand only two to five out of every 100000 women die of breast cancerwhereas in the United States 30 to 40 meet that fateAmong all the reasonsno one denies that diet is a large part of the reasonSome scientists hold
It's our greatest exposure to the environment because humans put two to three pounds of food into their bodies every dayHence people should place a great emphasis on good eating habitsThough the correct eating habit can't eliminate cancer in the worldit can help reduce the risk of cancer
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PartⅠ Writing (答题时间30分钟)
Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes write a composition on the topic The Way to Success based on the following outlines
You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words
PartⅡ listening comprehension
Section A (three news reports)略
Section B (two long conversations)略
Section C (three passages)略
PartⅢ reading comprehension(答题时间40分钟)
Section A
Directions In this section there is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards from warm praise to cold cash affect motivation and creativity Behaviorists who study the relation between actions and their consequences argue that rewards can (26) performance at work and school Cognitive (认识派) researchers who study various aspects of mental life maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on (27) and gifts from others
The latter view has gained many supporters (28) among educators But the careful use of small (29) rewards speaks creativity in grade school children suggesting that properly presented inducements (刺激) indeed (30) inventiveness according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
If kids know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively (31) task they show the most creativity says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark But it's easy to (32) creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for (33) achievement ends up with uninspired students Eisenberger holds As an example of the latter point he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and (34) failing grades
In early grades the use of socalled token economies in which students handle challenging problems and receive performancebased points toward valued rewards shows (35) in raising efforts and creativity the Delaware psychologist claims
A) mental
B) promise
C) kill
D) avoid
E) hope
F) especially
G) aid
H) ordinary
I) approval
J) monetary
K) generally
L) improve
M) challenging
N) restore
O) excellent
sroots Remedy
A) Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world To this end we walk the dog play golf go fishing sit in the garden drink outside rather than inside the pub have a picnic live in the suburbs go to the seaside buy a weekend place in the country The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk And when joggers (慢跑者) jog they don't run the streets Every one of the minstinctively heads to the park or the river It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature but we all seek nature whether we know we are doing so or not
B) But despite this our children are growing up naturedeprived ( 丧失) I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Stratham Common south London These days children are robbed of these an cientfreedoms due to problems like crime traffic the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children that is to say things that can be bought rather than things that can be found
C) The truth is to be found elsewhere A study in the US families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( 动症) Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19 those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4
D) A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment academic levels were raised across the entire school
E) Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment In playgrounds children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities with the tough ones taking the lead But when a grassy area was planted with bushes the children got much more into fantasy play and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity
F) Most bullying (持枪凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) play ground the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore This reminds mean pleasantly of Sunny hill School in Stratham with its harsh tarmac where I used to hang about incomers fantasizing about wildlife The children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces for health and safety reasons for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage So instead the damage is done to the children themselves not to their bodies but to their souls
G) One of the great problems of modem childhood is ADHD now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children However we spend money on drugs rather than on green places
H) The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature The increasing emphasis for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality
I) In wider and more difficult areas of life there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundingsim prove all kinds of things Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world Dr William Bird researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of birds states in his study A natural environment can reduce violent behavior because its restorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavior Wild places need encouraging for this reason no matter how small their contribution
J) We tend to look on nature conservation as some kind of favor that human beings are granting to the natural world The error here is far too deep not only do humans need nature for themselves but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物) For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with nonhuman life Anyone who has patted a dog stoked a cat sat under a tree with a pint of beer given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day understands that We need the wild world It is essential to our wellbeing our health our happiness Without the wild world we are not more but less civilized Without other living things around us we are less than human
K) Five Ways to Find Harmony with the Natural World Walk Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof Get off a stop earlier make a circuit of the park at lunchtime walk the child to and from school get a dog feel yourself moving in moving air look listen absorb
Sit Take a moment every now and then to be still in an open space In the garden anywhere that's not in the office anywhere out of the house away from the routine Sit under a tree look at water feel refreshed ever so slightly renewed
Drink The best way to enjoy the natural world is by oneself the second best way is in company Take a drink outside with a good person a good gathering talk with the sun and the wind with birdsong for background
Learn Expand your boundaries Leam five species of bird five butterflies five trees five bird songs That way you see and hear more and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life
Travel The places you always wanted to visit by the seaside in the country in the hills Take a weekend break a daytrip get out these and do it for the scenery for the way through the woods for the birds for the bees Go somewhere special and bring specialness home It lasts forever after all
36 The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill
37 The author's profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways
38 It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD
39 Elderly people will enjoy a life of better quality when they contact more with nature
40 Nowadays people think things that can be bought are best for children rather than things that can be found
41 Dr William Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence
42 According to a study in the U S Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showed much better improvement
43 Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying
44 We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways among which there are walking sitting drinking learning and traveling
45 It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated
Section C
Directions There are 2 passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A B C andD You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage
When families gather for Christmas dinnersome will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandmas generationTheir tables will be set with the good dishes and silverand the dress code will be Sundaybest
But in many other homesthis china——and——silver elegance has given way to stoneware (粗陶)——and——stainless informalitywith dresses assuming an equally casual——Friday lookFor hosts and guests the change means greater simplicity and comfortFor makers of fine china in Britainit spells economic hard times
Last week Royal Doultonthe largest employer in StokeonTrentannounced that it is eliminating 1000 jobs——onefifth of its total workforceThat brings to more than 4000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) regionWedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizingthe layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shiftsA spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trendtoward casual dining Families eat together less oftenhe explainedand more people eat aloneeither because they are single or they eat in front of television
Even dinner partiesif they happen at allhave gone causalIn a time of long work hours and demanding family schedulesbusy hosts insistrightlythat its better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates inthe family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a real dinner partyToo oftenthe perfect moment never comesIron a finepattened tablecloth Forget itPolish the silver Who has time
Yet the loss of formality has its down sideThe fine points of etiquette(礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents(Chew with your mouth closedkeep your elbows off the table)must be picked up elsewhereSome companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially
Choose correct answers to the question：
46The trend toward casual dining has resulted in ______
Abankruptcy of fine china manufacturers
BShrinking of the pottery industry
Crestructuring of large enterprises
DEconomic recession in Great Britain
47Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining
AFamily members need more time to relax
BBusy schedules leave people no time for formality
CPeople want to practice economy in times of scarcity
DYoung people wont follow the etiquette of the older generation
48It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is _______
Aa retailer of stainless steel tableware
Ba dealer in stoneware
Ca pottery chain store
Da producer of fine china
49The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is _______
Athe increased value of the pound
Bthe economic recession in Asia
Cthe change in peoples way of life
Dthe fierce competition at home and abroad
50Refined table manners though less popular than before in current social life _______
Aare still a must on certain occasions
Bare bound to return sooner or later
Care still being taught by parents at home
DCan help improve personal relationships
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage
In bringing up childrenevery parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition (学会) of each new skill the first spoken wordsthe first independent stepsor the beginning of reading and writingIt is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning ratebut this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he readsOn the other handthoughif a child is left alone too muchor without any learning opportunitieshe loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their childrenSome may be especially strict in money mattersOthers are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for mealsIn generalthe controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness
As regard the development of moral standards in the growing childconsistency is very important in parental teachingTo forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德)Alsoparents should realize that
example is better than precept If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselvesand realize they have been to some extent fooled
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment
Choose correct answers to the question：
51Eagerly watching the childs acquisition of new skill ______
Acan be avoided
Bis universal among parents
Csets up dangerous states of worry in the child
Dwill make him lose interest in learning new things
52In the process of childrens learning new skills parents ________
Ashould encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
Bshould not expect too much of them
Cshould achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
Dshould creative as many learning opportunities as possible
53The second paragraph mainly tells us that _________
Aparents should be strict with their children
Bparental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
Cparental restrictions vary and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone
Dparental vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation
54The word precept (Line3 Para3) probably means _______
AIdea
Bpunishment
Cbehavior
Dinstruction
55In moral matters parents should ________
Aobserve the rules themselves
Bbe aware of the marked difference between adults and children
Cforbid things which have no foundation in morality
Dconsistently ensure the security of their children
Part IV Translation ( 答题时间30分钟 )
Directions For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2
理查德尼克松癌症宣战已三十年间少专家学者耗费巨资试图寻找种方法攻克难题天癌症死亡率七十年代旧差样高美国妇女中死乳腺癌患者世界许国家五三十倍泰国十万妇女中仅25死乳腺癌美国妇女会3040遭厄运原没会否认饮食关系科学家认：
天摄入二三磅食物环境范围接触必须十分重视良饮食惯说正确饮食惯根世界癌症利减少患癌症风险
PartⅠ Writing 答案
说明：写作部分占整套试卷15 1065分
部分达639分格
Sample Writing
Migrant Workers
Each year attracted by job opportunities thousands of migrant workers rush into cities to better their life While fulfilling their personal desires these migrant workers also provide urban residents with more conveniences by working in all walks of life Besides they meet the emergent needs of work force in some industries such as construction and help to quicken the steps of city construction through their hard work therefore contributing a lot to the city’s social and economic development
However cities are at the same time confronted with many problems created by migrant workers For example too many migrant workers result in over crowded space and thus cause housing problem secondly they make a mess of city’s environment by littering casually and thirdly migrant population may create difficulties in carrying family planning policy etc
But we can’t expel migrant workers from cities just because of the above problems
We should adopt correct attitudes towards them and take effective measures to solve them We firmly believe that migrant workers will be of greater help to citylife in future
PartⅢ reading comprehension 分值说明
说明：阅读部分占整套试卷35 2485分
英语四级阅读选词填空题355分余题71分
1选词填空篇 5 10题题355分
2长篇阅读篇 10 10题题71分
3仔细阅读 20 10题 2篇篇5题题142分
时间：40分钟 部分达149分格做18左右
Section A 答案解析
26解析O处需副词修饰动词done根文意思文中列举工作部分女性完成primarily符合
27解析K处需形容词作定语修饰work根文意思____work应family shoppingpreparing meals列属inhome jobs结合选项voluntary带入意义务工作符合文意
28解析G根文意思填入名词应该前分句概括选situation局面情况
29解析J根文意男女间然存巨工资_______处显然填数名词单数结合选项gao差距符合文意
30解析 C根文意职业女性——收入带独立购买功处显然填动词选项动词中显然generate产生生产符合文意
31解析 N处需动词原形作句子谓语根文意思难出purchase符合
32解析 M处应填动词作谓语根前文时间Not long ago知填动词式根句中ignoringsuggesting部分意思insulted符合题意
33解析I处需形容词作定语修饰customers根文意思前句句存种关系前句说侮辱女性没法买车句显然表达女性potential潜顾客
34解析 H处需副词作定式状语修饰pay attention代入选项中剩余副词reallytechnically难出really符合文意
35解析 D根文前句说日男性导国家句中说日社会促美国公司更加关注女性购买者显然两者间extreme强烈
Section B 答案解析
36The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill瑞典研究说明更接触然孩子更少生病
解析 D)细节题根句中关键词a study in Sweden定位D)段首句瑞典项研究显示然环境中玩耍幼园朋友惯正规运动场玩耍朋友少患病身体更健康
37The author’S profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways作者深信会通种方式寻找然
解析A)细节题根句中the author’s profound belief定位文章A)段末句作者深信类仅需然寻觅着然
38It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD动症童提供更绿色生活空间会帮助
解析 G)细节题根句中关键词children with ADHDgreen spaces定位G)段倒数两句众研究表明然接触患动症孩子益然钱花药物非绿色生活空间
39Elderly people will enjoy a life of beber quality when they contact more with nature老年接触然享受优质生活
解析 H)纳题根句中关键词elderly people定位H)段果老年接触然机会生活状况会明显改善少着老年增应该更关注生活质量生命年限众研究发现花园提高老年生活质量唯重素句中段简纳
40Nowadayspeople think things that can be bought are best for childrenrather than things that Can be found觉买东西孩子发现东西
解析B)细节题根句中关键词things that Can be bough foundbest for children定位B)段末句关什孩子奇怪新观念觉买东西发现东西
41DrWilliam Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violenceWilliam Bird博士研究中提接然助减少暴力行
解析 I)细节题句中DrWilliam Bird定位I)段倒数第二句研究中提出样观点：然环境减少暴力行恢复程助减少愤怒动
42According to a study in the USChildren with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showedmuch beRer improvement
美国项研究显示：住然风光视野更开阔房子里动症童进步幅度更
解析 C)推理题根句中关键词a study in the US定位C)段该段指出调查发现住然风光视野更开阔房子里患改善19住物质条件等改善没美丽然风景房子里患仅改善4推演出：住然风光视野更开阔房子里动症童进步幅度更
43Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying
机会探索然界孩子太恃强凌弱
解析 F)细节题根句中关键词explore natural areas定位F)段首句数恃强凌弱现象发生柏油碎石运动场学校鼓励孩子探索然环境中少发生
44We can find harmony with the natural world in various waysamong which there are walkingsittingdrinkinglearning andtravelin9然谐相处方式：散步静坐畅饮学旅行
解析 K)纳题根句中关键词find harmony with the natural world定位K)段末段该段列举然谐相处方式句中整段概括
45It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated
类然世界分离种想法非常害
解析 J)细节题根句中关键词humanity and the naturalseparated定位J)段第二句原句but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is profoundly damagin9(种类然界割裂开观念毁灭性)
Section C Passage One 答案解析
答案解析：
答案解析：
46[B] 推理判断题首先题目中casual dining找第2段中informality两for引导介词短语说英国精致瓷器制造商说(informality)意味着济困难时期
外第3段数具体指出陶瓷业裁员严重说明陶瓷业萎缩BAD均属夸事实C文章容关
47[B] 事实细节题根倒数第2段第2句中指出现休闲文化流行背景：工作时间长家庭生活节奏紧张B中 Busy schedules文中demanding family schedules应答案
48[D] 事实细节题Royal Doulton文章中出现两次：第3段说裁员餐越越意(讲究餐具精致)第 4 段中A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company……暗示公司性质推断精制器皿生产者
49[C] 事实细节题根题目中the layoffs找文章第4段首句中have their roots in相题目中main cause isshifts相C中change实题第1题交叉相关第1题题目找题答案
50[A] 事实细节题根段特第2句The fine points of etiquette…… must be picked up elsewhere良餐桌礼仪必须方重拾起知礼仪某场合必答案A
Section C Passage Two 答案解析
答案解析：
51[B] 事实细节题第1段第1句中every parentoften等词表明种做法父母中非常普遍显然B相符A说法原文原文出题干述现象难避免C中dangerous—词原文中修饰情绪C符D孩子独处果题干述行果
52[C] 推理判断题第1段第2句说明父母逼太分应避免句说明孩太放流样利两点做出判断：父母孩子严松间恰度C相符
53[C] 事实细节题文章第2段表明：家长孩子制程度家长孩制仅孩子幸福反映父母需社区价值观C原文相符
54[D] 词义理解题precept句猜测precept应example相文preach意思相D正确
55[A] 推理判断题第3段提父母应该避免讲套做套结合段出结：关思想道德教育问题父母应身作带头遵循A正确
Part IV Translation ( 30 minutes ) 汉译英 151065分
请面段话翻译成英文：
理查德尼克松癌症宣战已三十年间少专家学者耗费巨资试图寻找种方法攻克难题天癌症死亡率七十年代旧差样高美国妇女中死乳腺癌患者世界许国家五三十倍泰国十万妇女中仅25死乳腺癌美国妇女会3040遭厄运原没会否认饮食关系科学家认：天摄入二三磅食物环境范围接触必须十分重视良饮食惯说正确饮食惯根世界癌症利减少患癌症风险
参考译文：
It has already been three decades since Richard Nixon declared fight against cancerduring which many specialists and scholars spent a large amount of money trying to seek various ways to crack this hard nutYet today the death rate of cancer is nearly as high as it was in the 1970s American women's death rate of breast cancer is five to thirty times as high as that of women in many other countries of the worldIn Thailand only two to five out of every 100000 women die of breast cancerwhereas in the United States 30 to 40 meet that fateAmong all the reasonsno one denies that diet is a large part of the reasonSome scientists hold
It's our greatest exposure to the environment because humans put two to three pounds of food into their bodies every dayHence people should place a great emphasis on good eating habitsThough the correct eating habit can't eliminate cancer in the worldit can help reduce the risk of cancer
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