专题复必修定语句1〔1〕讲解
教学目
通节知识点学学生:
1理解熟练掌握重点单词分类
2掌握词组句型法
重难点
重点单词句型掌握
教学容
课程导入
什句什定语句
知识讲解
概念引入:
She is the girl who sings best of all
This is the best film that I have ever seen
He had failed in the maths exam which made his father very angry
Give me the book whose cover is green
语法点拨
定语句定义
Do you know the girl who came here yesterday
The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good
前天买书棒
He is the man whom we should learn from
Her friend whose home is very far came to see her
定语句:修饰名词代词句称定语句般紧修饰先行词面
先行词:定语句修饰名词代词
关系词:面例子中关系代词who whom which that引导定语句连接词连接词代先行词句中担成分语宾语表语例:
Those students who study in this school are good at football
〔who代先行词students句中充语〕
There is still much homework which we must finish
〔which代先行词homework句中充宾语〕
关系代词引导定语句
I whowhom
1 whowhom代表 领先行词句中作语时who引导作宾语时whom引导
The girl who is singing is my best friend
His friend who works as a doctor is very interesting
I have to find the boy whom I saw yesterday
He is the man whom I met yesterday
² 练练:whowhom?
1 The man _______ is shaking hands with my father is a policeman
2 Do you know the girl _______ I talked to just now
3 Is he the man _______ wants to see you
2 whom定语句中充宾语时常省略注意whom作动词宾语作介词宾语介词提前时whom省略
Mr Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus
Ling Feng is just the boy (whom) I want to see (whom代表先行词the boy作动词see宾语)
This is the girl (whom) he worked with (whom代表先行词the girl作介词with宾语)
This is the girl with whom he worked (whom省略)
3 口语非正式语体中关系代词whom常who代省略
The man whowhom you met just now is my friend
II which
先行词事物句中作语宾语时which引导定语句样句中作宾语时省略介词提前省略
1 代先行词radio
2 which句中作语
They had a radio which could send out messages
He told us a story which made everyone laugh (代先行词story句中作语)
Where is the car (which) you bought last month
3 代先行词car
4 which句中作宾语
The package (which) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped (which句中作宾语〕
They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had refused to sell to tourists (2021 浙江高考)
III that
that前先行词物指时相who者whom指物时相whichthat定语句中作语宾语作宾语时省略
The number of the people thatwho come to visit the city each year rises by one million
城市参观数年增加百万
Where is the man (thatwhom) I saw this morning 天午见?
I’ve got a novel (thatwhich) you may like to read 弄许想说
IV whose
whose指指物定语句中作定语表示……〔先行词〕〞假设指物of which互换
…the prince went to the house looking for the girl whose foot fit the shoe…
……王子幢房子寻找脚穿鞋女孩…… (whose foot 指女孩脚)
I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in (whose roof指房子屋顶)
住屋顶塌陷房子里
The classroom whose door (the door of which) is broken will soon be repaired
门坏间教室快会修
Do you like the book whose cover (the cover of which) is yellow
喜欢封面黄色书?
必须that作连接词情况
技巧1 先行词什东西
1领先行词all anything nothing everything none much little few the one等定代词时
He did everything that he could to save the patient 做做切挽救病
I mean the one that was sold yesterday 意思说昨天卖掉
There’s nothing in the world that can defeat him 世界没败东西
All that I want is peace and quiet 想切宁静
2 领先行词物时
Look at the girl and her dog that are crossing the street
快正街姑娘狗
We’ve still remember things and persons that appeared in the school
记起发生学校事
技巧2先行词什修饰
1领先行词序数词形容词高级修饰时
The first lesson that they learned is the most difficult of all
学第课难课
This is the most interesting book that I’ve ever read 读意思书
2 领先行词the very the only修饰时
This is the very book that I’m interested in 正感兴趣书
The only thing that we could do was to wait 做唯事情等
3 领先行词all any every no only very last next one of等词修饰时
You can take any seat that is free 坐空座
I have read all the books (that) you gave me 已读完书
注意:which who等开头疑问句中that引导句防止重复
Which is the car that killed the old lady 老太太命辆车?
that作连接词情况
1 非限制性定语句中
The sun heats the earth which is very important to us
太阳球升温点重
2 关系词句中作介词宾语介词提前时
He took the money away without which they couldn’t live
钱带走没钱没法活
We depend on the land from which we get our food
赖片土取食物
3 领先行词身that时
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now
刚天空闪什?
关系词省略关系词数
关系词省略
1 关系词代表先行词句中作宾语时候般省略
He would give me the book (which that) he bought yesterday in the shop
会昨天商店买书
I hated those people (whom that) I met in the party They were so rude
讨厌晚会遇太粗鲁
2 面两种情况关系词省略
1〕非限制性定语句中
They came from Beijing which I love very much
北京非常喜欢城市
2〕句介词提关系词前面时
I am still looking for the book about which they talked yesterday
找昨天谈书
关系词数
关系代词定语句中作语时根先行词单复数决定谓语动词单复数
He who laughs last laughs best 谁笑谁笑
God helps those who help themselves 助者帝助
She is the only one who knows the secret 唯知道秘密
She is one of the teachers who know the secret 知道秘密老师
巩 固 练
选择适宜关系代词〔whichwhowhomwhosethat〕填空
1 He has written a book _________ name I’ve forgotten
2 This is the factory _______ I visited
3 It is the third dress _______ she has tried on today
4 This is the most interesting book _______ I have ever read
5 He is a man _______ means what he says
6 Those _______ pretend to know what they do not know will be punished one day
7 Who is the man _______ you just shook hands with
8 The student with _______ we were talking is the tallest student in our class
选择适宜关系代词〔whichwhowhomwhosethat〕填空
1 whose代先行词book定语句中作定语表示书〞
2 whichthat代先行词定语句中作visited宾语省略
3 thattry on 试穿先行词dress作try on宾语thatwhich引导定语句序数词修饰that省略
4 that高级修饰代先行词book作定语句宾语that省略
5 whothat代先行词man定语句中作语省略
6 who先行词句中作语thatwho引导句thosewho正确答案
7 that先行词句中作宾语thatwhomwho引导句句语Whothat正确选择
8 whom先行词作句介词宾语介词提前whom
知识点结
定语句1做总结
做题目时候什启发?
否知识框架呢?
课 堂 检 测
三单句改错
1 Anyone likes it can borrow it from me
2 The man you saw him just now is my math teacher
3 He is a person who often help me
4 He is the person whose the family is very rich
5 Apple eaters are healthier than those don’t
6 There are many people but none of whom I know
7 That is all what I have known
8 Is this the book that you are interested
9 This is the longest train which I have ever seen
10 The radio set which I bought it last week has gone wrong
11 They talked for about an hour of the girl and her story which they read in the newspaper
12 Did you see the man whom I nodded just now
13 I who is your good friend will try my best to help you
14 I’ll tell you all what he told me last week
15 On the wall hung a picture which color is blue
三单句改错
1 句缺少作句语关系代词先行词anyone关系代词应whothat
2 句中句局部him重复关系代词代先行词the man已句中充宾语省略him指代重复应该删
3 句句局部谓语help形式错误句语who代先行词a person单数help应该第三称单数形式
4 定语句中whose修饰名词familythe余
5 those带定语句中缺乏语应该补充who句承前省略eat apples
6 none of whom I know句第句构成句关系列句关系删but
7 领先行词定代词〔all〕时关系代词应该thatwhat关系词引导定语句
8 句中句局部句子结构完整are interested直接接宾语应增加介词in
9 句先行词形容词高级the longest修饰关系代词thatwhich然句关系代词代先行词作句宾语省略关系代词which改that者省略关系代词
10 句中关系代词which代先行词作句宾语句中it余应该掉it
11 题中先行词物关系代词应该thatwhich应该which改that
12 句中nod物动词直接带宾语分析句子逻辑关系代词whom应该代先行词the man句中作宾语需补充介词tonod to sb 某点头示意
13 定语句局部关系代词代先行词I 根谓致原句谓语amis
14 句包含定语句名词句定语句先行词all指物关系代词应该that者省略
15 定语句局部先行词color起构成句语二者属关系关系词应该whosewhich
课堂总结
定语句:修饰名词代词句称定语句般紧修饰先行词面
先行词:定语句修饰名词代词
关系词:面例子中关系代词who whom which that引导定语句连接词连接词代先行词句中担成分语宾语表语例:
Those students who study in this school are good at football
〔who代先行词students句中充语〕
There is still much homework which we must finish
〔which代先行词homework句中充宾语〕
家庭作业
单项选择
1 They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school
A which B that C who D whom
2 Please pass me the dictionary ______ cover is black in the book shelf
A which B its C that D whose
3 —Is this the museum ____ you visited the other day
—I have no idea
A that B whose C to which D the one
4 This is one of the best films _______
A that have been shown this year B that have shown
C that has been shown this year D that you talked
5 (2021 北京高考) I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise
A.whose B.why C.where D.which
6 —Is this the shop _______ sells children’s clothes
—Yes I think so
A in which B where C 填 D that
7 Is there anyone in your class ______ family is in the country
A who B who's C which D whose
8 I'm interested in ______you have said
A all that B all what C that D which
9 That is the day ______I'll never forget
A which B on which C in which D when
10 In our factory there are 2000 workers two thirds of ____are women
A them B which C whom D who
11 You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it
A who B whom C whom D who
12 This picture ______ has a house and flowers is the one ______ I like best
A who which B which that C who who D whose that
13 She is the girl ______ I guess is a good student
A which B whom C who D whose
14 —Did you ask the guard _______ happened
—Yes he told me all _______ he knew
A what that B what what C which which D that that
15 The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing
A owns are B owns is C own is D own are
16 During the days ________ he worked as a servant at the Browns
A followed B following C to follow D that followed
17 Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn
A that B C which D it
18 Do you know the man _______
A whom I spoke B to who spoke C I spoke to D that I spoke
19 All that can be eaten _______ eaten up
A are being B has been C had been D have been
20 The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace
A which B where C what D in which
短文改错
(2021 广东湛江期末)
假定英语课老师求桌间交换修改作文请修改桌写作文文中10处语言错误句中两处处错误仅涉单词增加删修改
增加:缺词处加漏字符号〔∧〕面写出该加词
删:余词斜线〔\〕划掉
修改:错词划横线该词面写出修改词
注意:1 处错误修改均仅限词
2 允许修改 10 处者〔第 11 处起〕计分
Great changes have been taken place over the past five years in my hometown that is a famous historic city The streets used to be narrow filling with small shops Rubbish can be seen everywhere Nowadays the streets are wider and clean with trees and flowers planted along the sidewalks Besides four new parks have been open to public and a number of high buildings has arisen in the city However some of the historic buildings have been torn down to make rooms for the high buildings Our city now is modern and clean and it has lost its own special characteristics From my opinion we should try to protect all the historic buildings in the process of urban development
二单项选择
1 B 先行词things and persons填关系代词代先行词句中作宾语that
2 D whosecover起构成句语局部whose句中作定语
3 A that作句局部宾语〔点状语〕
4 A 句话先行词应该films 关系代词that复数概念谓语动词应复数动语态have been shown果句中one前面定冠词thethe one应该视先行词
5 Aa couple〔夫妻〕先行词夫妻孩子吵childrencouple属关系whose作定语whose children相the children of whom应选A
6 D填关系代词代表先行词shop句中作语填that省略
7 D whose引导定语句 句中作语family定语
8 A that引导定语句 先行词all 选that引导
9 A which关系代词句中作forget宾语答案作宾语
10 C two thirds of whom two thirds of the 2000 workers
11 D 先行词person两定语句第句省略关系代词whomwho作句中met宾语省略第二句中 who做语省略
12 B this picture物which先行词the one that
13 C I guess 插入语who 定语句中作语
14 A what happened宾语句all that he knew定语句先行词all关系代词that
15 C 句话定语句who own cars〞 先行词people定语句谓语动词own句语The number of指……数目〞单数概念句谓语动词is
16 D that followed定语句关系代词that句中作语follow物动词
17 A 先行词gasthe only修饰关系代词thatwhich
18 C 谁讲话〞speak to sb 题全句应Do you know the man whom I spoke to〞whom关系代词作介词to宾语省略
19 B 句话中句语all抽象概念谓语应单数has been关系代词that引导定语句句中做语
20 A which作关系代词定语句中作语
短文改错
Great changes have been (1删) taken place over the past five years in my hometown that (which) is a famous historic city The streets used to be narrow filling (2 filled) with small shops Rubbish can (could) be seen everywhere Nowadays the streets are wider and clean (cleaner) with trees and flowers planted along the sidewalks Besides four new parks have been open to (3 加the) public and a number of high buildings has ( have) arisen in the city However some of the historic buildings have been torn down to make rooms (4 room) for the high buildings Our city now is modern and clean and (but) it has lost its own special characteristics From (In) my opinion we should try to protect all the historic buildings the process of urban development
疑难解析:
1 take place表示发生〞动语态
2 街道充满商店(the streets were filled with small shops)句子已谓语used tofill非谓语动词分词作非限制性定语补充说明前面streets
3 the public 公众
4 room表示空间〞数名词
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