原句感知
探究
①Today both male and female athletes from around the world can take part
②I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country
③Naturally after I tell her what to do my daughter must do the opposite
④You should apologize to Mary for your rude remarks
⑤Mr Jones must be a teacher isn＇t he
⑥He may come here by train but I am not sure
(1)情态动词没称数变化
(2)情态动词句中定词义单独作谓语动词连构成谓语(3)情态动词面接动词原形带to定式
[语法剖析]
语法点
基概念
情态动词作谓语部分称数变化(have to外)般单独谓语动词构成完整谓语单独作谓语省略回答时单独情态动词can (could) may (might) must have to shall (should) will (would) dare (dared) need (needed) ought to等
语法点二
基法
1can (could)
(1)表示力can表现力could指力
Two eyes can see more than one
两眼眼
Could the girl read before she went to school
女孩学前识字？
(2)表示客观(理逻辑判断)
He can＇t (couldn＇t) have enough money for a new car
足够钱买新车
You mustn＇t smoke while you＇re walking around in the wood You could start a fire
林子里走时吸烟样会引起火灾
(3)表示请求许
请求允许做某事时两者均could语气更委婉表示允许某做某事时cancould
Can I have a look at your new pen
新钢笔？
He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading room
问书带出阅览室
—Could I use your dictionary
——词典？
—Yes you can
——吧
(4)can表示推测时常否定句疑问句(could限制)表示发生行怀疑肯定常cancould＋have＋分词否定疑问形式
This can＇tcouldn＇t be done by him
干
We could go there this summer
年夏天
He can＇tcouldn＇t have been to that town
城镇
(5)表示惊异怀疑相信态度(否定句疑问句感叹句中)
How can you be so careless
粗心呀
[辨析较]
can
can两种时态形式现式can式could时中could常表示够做某事事实定做
be able to
be able to种时态形式waswere able to表示做成某事
[时演练1]
(1)完成句子
①快饿死现吃两碗米饭
I am starving to death I can eat two bowls of rice now
②起直没回信
I am sorry I haven＇t_been_able_to answer your letter
③时候男孩会游泳
At that time the little boy couldn＇t swim
④擅长游泳船沉时够游河岸
He was a good swimmer so he was_able_to swim to the river bank when the boat sank
⑤家——刚超市见
He can＇t be at home — I saw him in the supermarket just now
(2)(2016·天津高考)It was really annoying I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended
A．wouldn＇t B．couldn＇t
C．shouldn＇t D．needn＇t
解析：选B 句意：真烦权(couldn＇t get access to)推荐资料库B项couldn＇t意符合语境选B项
(3)(北京高考)________ I have a word with you It won＇t take long
A．Can B．Must
C．Shall D．Should
解析：选A 考查情态动词句意：谈谈？会太长时间can作情态动词讲时表示许意符合语境must意必须shall表示征求方意见处语境两话观法should表示应该选A项
2．may (might)
(1)表示允许might指时间指现时间语气更委婉
You may take whatever you like
喜欢什什
May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby
张宝宝片？
[名师点津] may般疑问句肯定回答maycan 作否定回答时mustn＇tcan＇t
—May I smoke here
——里吸烟？
—No you mustn＇t You＇d better not
——吸烟
(2)表示(事实)指时间指现时间语气肯定
He may be at home at the moment
现家
She may not know about it
知道件事
(3)表祝愿句子中
May both the bride and groom have long and happy lives
祝新娘新郎幸福长寿
[时演练2]
(1)(2015·陕西高考)You ________ feel all the training a waste of time but I＇m a hundred percent sure later you＇ll be grateful you did it
A．should B．need
C．shall D．may
解析：选D 考查情态动词句意：许觉训练浪费时间百分百确定会做心存感激句中but分句中a hundred percent sure知处表示语气强烈推测may
(2)(江西高考)Life is unpredictable even the poorest ________ become the richest
A．shall B．must
C．need D．might
解析：选D 考查情态动词句意：生活预料贫穷成钱might表示
3．must (have to)
(1)must表示必须没时态变化强调种观法表示责义务have to表示必须某种外界(客观)原必须做某事表示常惯性事必须做mustn＇t表示禁止做某事have to否定形式表示必have to种时态中
My brother was very ill so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night
弟弟病厉害半夜里医生请
We must do everything step by step
必须循序渐进做切事情
—Must we hand in our exercise books now
——现交练？
—Yes you must (No you needn＇tNo you don＇t have to)
——必须(必)
[名师点津] 回答must引出疑问句时果否定回答mustn＇tneedn＇t don＇t have to
(2)must表示猜测意想必准定等肯定句
The book must be the one you want
书定
She＇s wearing a diamond necklace She must have a lot of money
戴着钻石项链定钱
(3)must表示偏表示说话耐烦满情绪
Why must it rain on Sunday
什偏星期天雨？
[时演练3]
(1)适情态动词填空
①My sister is ill my mother has_to look after her
②There＇s a lot of noise from next door They must be having a party
③—Must I return all the books in three days
—Yes you must (No you needn＇tdon＇t_have_to)
(2)(2015·北京高考)—Can＇t you stay a little longer
—It＇s getting lateI really________ go now My daughter is home alone
A．may B．can
C．must D．dare
解析：选C 考查情态动词句意：难道会？天晚现真必须走女家答语中空格句前句句意知处指说话觉必须走must答案C
4．shall
(1)表示征询意见第第三称疑问句
Shall I get you some tea
点茶？
Shall the boy wait outside
男孩外面等？
(2)表示说话意愿命令允诺警告决心等意思第二第三称陈述句
You shall do as I say
说做(命令)
You shall have my answer tomorrow
明天答复(允诺)
He shall be punished sooner or later if he does it like this I tell you
告诉果样做迟早会受惩罚(警告)
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan
什阻止执行项计划(决心)
(3)表示规定法令等中应该必须第三称陈述句
Those belonging to our club shall wear uniforms
俱乐部成员必须穿制服
[时演练4]
(1)选择列句中shall含义
A．允诺 B．警告 C．威胁 D．征求意见
①You shall fail if you don＇t work harder ( B )
②He shall have a book when I finish reading ( A )
③You shall be punished for what you＇ve done ( C )
④Shall I watch TV for a while？( D )
(2)(江苏高考)—I haven＇t got the reference book yet but I＇ll have a test on the subject next month
—Don＇t worry You ________ have it by Friday
A．could B．shall
C．must D．may
解析：选B 考查情态动词处shall第二称陈述句中表示说话许诺
5．should
(1)表示义务责意应该(某件事宜做)种称
You should be polite to your teachers
老师应该礼貌
(2)表示性猜测意想必定说应该估计等
The film should be very good as it is starring firstclass actors
部电影流演员演估计拍
(3)表示说话惊讶愤怒失等特殊情感意居然竟然
Amazing You should wear slippers at work
真令惊讶竟然穿着拖鞋班
[时演练5]
(1)(江苏高考)It was sad to me that they so poor themselves ________ bring me food
A．might B．would
C．should D．could
解析：选C 然穷竟然带食物should竟然符合句意
(2)What do you mean there are only ten tickets？There________ be twelve
A．should B．would
C．will D．shall
解析：选A 考查情态动词句意：10张票什意思？应该12张票should表示推测时暗含意应该……would表示意愿willshall陈述句中表示说话者允许威胁命令等语气
6．will (would)
(1)表示意志意愿will指现would指否定句表示肯乐意
I will never do that again
决会做事
(2)表示征求意见提出请求第二称疑问句中willwould均would时表示表示委婉语气
WillWould you pass me the book
请书递？
(3)willwould分表示现反复发生动作某种倾意总常常
He will sit up there all night
总整夜坐
He would drop in on me on Sundays
常常星期天便
[辨析较]
used to
指动作状态着眼现时间状语连
would
表示情况指惯动作说明现情况
[时演练6]
(1)适情态动词填空
①WillWould you please save some dessert for me
②He used_to be a very strong man but now he isn＇t
③We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story
(2)(四川高考)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends
A．might B．must
C．would D．should
解析：选C 考查情态动词句意：然记快乐童年时母亲常会周末带迪斯尼乐园would表示惯性动作译常会总
7．ought to
(1)表示职责义务意应该(责义务等该做)口气should稍重
You are his father You ought to take care of him
父亲应顾
You oughtn＇t to smoke so much
应该抽烟
(2)表示推测暗含性似should
Han Mei ought to know his telephone number
韩梅应该知道电话号码
[时演练7]
—Shall I go and buy two more bottles of beer
—No I＇ve already bought twenty That________ be enough for us two
A．ought to B．will
C．may D．might
解析：选A 表示推测时ought to may might性次降低根语境I＇ve already bought twenty推断出够两喝性非常选A
8．needdare
(1)作情态动词时动词原形常否定句疑问句中般肯定句第三称单数形式dare式形式构成疑问句时移句首构成否定句时直接加not
—Need I tell him everything
——告诉切？
—Yes you mustNo you needn＇t
——没必
How dare she do things like that to me
敢做样事？
(2)作实义动词时否定疑问构成需助dodiddoes need面接带to定式疑问句否定句中dare省to称数变化
He didn＇t dare (to) go there
敢
Right now you need to stay still until help comes
现需着动直帮忙
What he needs now are books
现需书籍
[时演练8]
(1)dareneed 适形式填空
①You needn＇t hurry There is still enough time to go
②—Must I go right now
—No you needn＇t
③How dare you say I＇m unfair
④He daren＇t speak English before such a crowd dare he
⑤He needs to finish it this evening
⑥Don＇t you dare touch it
(2)(2016·北京高考)I love the weekend because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays
A．needn＇t B．mustn＇t
C．wouldn＇t D．shouldn＇t
解析：选A 句意：喜欢周末周六周日必(needn＇t)早起A项needn＇t意必没必符合语境mustn＇t禁止wouldn＇t愿意shouldn＇t应该
写项运动历史
[技法指导]
写项运动历史三方面着手：
第运动项目定义写运动项目名称规全球受欢迎程度等
第二运动项目相关信息写运动项目发展史重视程度取成等
第三运动项目现状
[黄金表达]
1．The sport is a kind of
2．It has a long history
3．Not only is it played but also
4． with the history of years
5．It was developedcreated by
6．It was spread to other countries
7．It is meantdesigned to
8．It is aimed at
9．It is practised
10．It is popular with
[写作规范]
[题目求]
假定李美国笔友David中国武术迷写封email英语简单介绍中国武术请根面提供信息回封email中中国武术作项需发挥
定义
武术门关武艺中国传统体育运动项目
历史
中国武术着悠久历史
影响
武术中国文化重组成部分
流派
流派少林武术出名
作
……
具影响
力武
术明星
李龙李连杰成龙
现状
·目前全球100国家武
·武术目前奥运会赛项目直努力中国武术早日进入奥运会
注意：1词数：150左右
2．文章开头结尾已出计入总词数
Dear David
Very glad to read your email You say you are a wushu fan Now I will tell you something about Chinese wushu
Yours
Li Ping
[三步作文法]
第步：搜索词汇
1．项目 event
2．流派 style
3．功夫 wushumartial_art
4．众 a_variety_ofvariousall_kinds_of
5．健体 build_up_one＇s_body
第二步：词造句
1．武术仅悠久历史中国文化产生重影响
①Wushu has_its_origins in China Wushu has a great effect on Chinese culture
②Wushu not_only_has_its_origins in China but_also has a great effect on Chinese culture
2．武术流派中少林武术出名
①There are a variety of wushu styles Shaolin wushu is_the_bestknown
②There are a variety of wushu styles of_which shaolin wushu is the bestknown
3．直努力中国武术早日进入奥运会
①People have_been_making_attempts People will make_it a reality that wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible
②People have_been_making_attempts_to_make_it_a_reality_that wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible
第三步：连句成篇
Dear David
Very glad to read your email You say you are a wushu fan Now I will tell you something about Chinese wushu
Wushu by tradition is a Chinese sport and now it is one of the most practised martial arts in the world
Wushu not only has its origins in China but also has a great effect on Chinese culture Now wushu plays an important part in Chinese culture
There are a variety of wushu styles of which Shaolin Wushu is the best known Wushu which is intended to build up one＇s body and defend oneself is popular with young people
Film stars like Bruce Lee Jet Li and Jackie Chan have made great contributions to the spread of wushu around the world People have set up many associations which are of great significance to the development of wushu
It is a pity that wushu is not the event of the Olympic Games But people have been making attempts to make it a reality that wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible
I do hope you can come to China to learn the Chinese martial art
Yours
Li Ping
Ⅰ单项填空
1．—May I take this book out of the reading room
—No you ________ You read it in here
A．mightn＇t B．won＇t
C．needn＇t D．mustn＇t
解析：选D 考查情态动词句意：书出阅览室？定带出里读mustn＇t定表示禁止May般疑问句作否定回答常mustn＇tcan＇t
2．I have told you the truth ________ I keep repeating it
A．Must B．Can
C．May D．Will
解析：选A must处表示方行说话满懊恼意偏
3．The traffic is heavy these days I ________ arrive a bit late so could you save me a place
A．can B．must
C．need D．might
解析：选D 句意：天交通拥挤会晚会达否留位置？might里表示性
4．In general she is devoted to her studies but she ________ be a little naughty at times
A．will B．can
C．should D．would
解析：选B 考查情态动词句意：总体说致力学时候点调皮can语境描述种客观性：It can be warm in winter
5．—It＇s the office So you ________ know eating is not allowed here
—Oh sorry
A．must B．will
C．may D．need
解析：选A 考查情态动词法前句句意：办公室知道里吃东西允许句子责备方带命令语气应选择must
6．He＇s strange — he ________ sit for hours without saying anything
A．shall B．will
C．can D．must
解析：选B 考查情态动词句意：怪坐时句话说will表示惯特性尤受时间限制必然发生情况
7．I advised him to give up smoking but he ________ listen to my advice and went on as ever before
A．wouldn＇t B．couldn＇t
C．shouldn＇t D．might not
解析：选A 理解句意知劝戒烟时行素愿意听应该选wouldn＇t表示意愿couldn＇t表示shouldn＇t表示应该might not表示许句意符
8．—What does the sign over there read
—No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette cigar or pipe in this area
A．will B．may
C．shall D．must
解析：选C 考查情态动词法句公场标识语题意处禁止吸烟携带种香烟must表示必须肯定句will表示意愿may表示shall表达决心强硬性建议
9．You can＇t imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman ________ be so rude to a lady
A．might B．need
C．should D．would
解析：选C 句中should表示惊异意外等情绪常意竟然
10．The head teacher said that we ________ have a day off on Sunday if we did a good job in the exam
A．should B．could
C．must D．may
解析：选B 句意：班说考试考话允许星期天休假天情态动词could间接引语中表示允许B项正确
Ⅱ方框中情态动词适形式填空
1．Accidents can happen on such a rainy day
2．The fire spread through the hotel quickly but everyone was_able_to get out
3．The school rules say that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day
4．I saw her go out just now She can＇t be at home now
5．—Must we hand in the homework before school is over
—No you needn＇t You canmay hand it in tomorrow morning
6．My younger sister dare not go out alone at night
7．You should do something for your aged parents
8．When we worked in the same office we would have coffee together
9．Why must you always smoke in the office
10．I＇m sorry that you should think so badly of me
Ⅲ语法写作(完成句子)
1．He must_be_ill (准病) He looks so pale
2．He shall_be_sorry (会悔) for it one day I tell you
3．After years of hard work he was_able_to (够) win the prize
4．If you must_smoke (定抽烟) at least you could use an ashtray
5．You can_go_with_them (起) if you like
6．They shouldought_to_have_arrived_in_Shanghai (该海) by now
[应学生课力提升(七)]
Ⅰ单项填空
1．—I hear you＇ve got a set of valuable Australian coins________ I have a look
—Yes certainly
A．Do B．May
C．Will D．Should
解析：选B may表示征求方许will表示征求许时第二称连选B
2．It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems
A．must B．dare
C．need D．may
解析：选D 句意：解文化差异重差异会引发问题may表示推测意must 表示必性握推测dare作情态动词时表示敢竟敢need表示必性意需必须
3．—Is John coming by train
—He should but he ________ not He likes driving his car
A．must B．can
C．need D．may
解析：选D 先确定问句般时come go leave start等类趋动词进行时表示含义答语动作作出判断must not准句意符排A项cannot分开写排B项need not必句意符排C项D项定正面He likes driving his car相吻合选D项
4．Attention please Whoever can answer one of my questions ________ receive a prize the teacher said in class
A．might B．shall
C．should D．would
解析：选B shall陈述句中第二第三称时表示警告命令允诺威胁等语气 might 表示性 should表示应该(义务性)would表示意愿知里选B项表示允诺
5．You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ________ not like the design of the furniture
A．must B．shall
C．may D．need
解析：选C 句意：告诉制造商男性顾客喜欢家具图案设计might just as well表示推断文语气肯定may
6．Even though I＇d hurt my leg I ________ swim back to the river bank
A．could B．dare
C．had to D．was able to
解析：选D 句意：腿受伤游回河岸表示力成功做成某事be able tocoulddare敢 have to
7．—Boy which website are you surfing on the Internet now
—Oh Mum ________ I tell you everything I do
A．Must B．Should
C．Can D．Shall
解析：选A 考查情态动词句意：孩子网站啊？噢妈妈……非告诉做事？must表示非偏偏硬符合语境
8．—Why are you figuring out these figures by hand
—Oh my computer has crashed It ________ work
A．can＇t B．mustn＇t
C．needn＇t D．won＇t
解析：选D 答语知电脑死机面应该表示拒绝工作can＇t表示没力mustn＇t表示定禁止needn＇t表示没必won＇t表示肯根句意应该选D项
9．It＇s really strange that they ________ have left without saying goodbye to us
A．could B．would
C．must D．should
解析：选D 题should表示竟然居然意符合句意真奇怪竟然没道走
10．—Why didn＇t he go to the airport to pick you up
—Oh he ________ for the airport had a bus to send us back to the centre of the city
A．needed not B．needed not to
C．didn＇t need D．didn＇t need to
解析：选D 首先need作情态动词时候没式变化次定式省略中动词省略定式符号省略题答案D项
Ⅱ阅读理解
For a while my neighborhood was taken over by an army of joggers (慢跑者) They were there all the time early mornings noons and evenings There were little old ladies in gray sweats young couples in Adidas shoes middleaged men with red faces Come on My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening You＇ll feel great
Well I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day anyone could So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life and not a day more Based on my experience jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army I＇m not alone in my opinion
First of all jogging is very hard on the body Your legs and feet take a real pounding running down a road for two or three miles I developed foot leg and back problems Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging and I had something else to worry about Jogging doesn＇t kill hundreds of people but if you have any physical weaknesses jogging will surely bring them out as they did with me
Secondly I got no enjoyment out of jogging Putting one foot in front of the other for fortyfive minutes isn＇t my idea of fun Jogging is also a lonely pastime Some joggers sayI love being out there with just my thoughts Well my thoughts began to bore me and most of them were on how much my legs hurt
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain And that wasn＇t just the first week it was practically every day for two months I never got past the pain level and pain isn＇t fun What a cruel way to do it So many other exercises including walking lead to almost the same results painlessly so why jog
I don＇t jog any more and I don＇t think I ever will I＇m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace and that feels good I bicycle to work when the weather is good I＇m getting exercise and I＇m enjoying it at the same time I could never say the same for jogging and I＇ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape
1．From the first paragraph we learn that in the writer＇s neighborhood ________
A．jogging became very popular
B．people jogged only during the daytime
C．Alex organized an army of joggers
D．jogging provided a chance to get together
解析：选A 推理判断题第段中提作者街区处形形色色慢跑者推断A项正确B项段第二句容符两项文章中没信息支持
2．The underlined word them in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to ________
A．heart attacks
B．back problems
C．famous joggers
D．physical weaknesses
解析：选D 词义猜测题句前面提果身体虚弱症状慢跑会显示出推断项正确文章中没提作者患心脏病A项句中as they did with me符B项身体虚弱方面表现
3．What was the writer＇s attitude towards jogging in the beginning
A．He felt it was worth a try
B．He was very fond of it
C．He was strongly against it
D．He thought it must be painful
解析：选A 推理判断题根第二段第句容知作者起初认尝试慢跑
4．Why did the writer give up jogging two months later
A．He disliked doing exercise outside
B．He found it neither healthy nor interesting
C．He was afraid of having a heart attack
D．He was worried about being left alone
解析：选B 推理判断题结合第三段第句句第四段第句推知项正确作者深受慢跑害决定放弃种运动文章半部分提作者喜欢外出快走骑行车班A项正确两项文章中没信息支持
5．From the writer＇s experience we can conclude that
________
A．not everyone enjoys jogging
B．he is the only person who hates jogging
C．nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit
D．jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport
解析：选A 推理判断题文章开头部分提慢跑作者街区已蔚然成风作者尝试段时间放弃推断非喜欢慢跑B项绝作者没推崇慢跑意思两项恰
Ⅲ务型阅读
The health dangers of smoking have been well reported For years doctors have warned that smoking can cause lung cancer Studies also have linked smoking to several other kinds of cancer heart attacks and other diseases lung diseases and a number of other medical problems The repeated health warnings have had an effect Thousands of people have stopped smoking But as many people have learned stopping smoking can be very difficult
A major problem apparently is the nicotine a poisonous substance found in tobacco Small amounts of nicotine are released as tobacco is burned And over many years of smoking a person＇s body becomes dependent on the substance An attempt to stop smoking brings the problems of nicotine withdrawal (脱瘾程)．
American medical researchers have found that nicotine withdrawal causes people to become angry very easily aggressive worried and unable to think sharply Many people who have tried to stop smoking would confirm those findings
To help people give up smoking some tobacco companies have proposed chewing tobacco or using snuff as safe substitutes (代物) Snuff is a tobacco powder that usually is breathed in But many people put it between their gum and cheek
A group of British scientists said recently that many lives could be saved by a major program to get cigarette smokers to change to snuff An American scientist Allan Blum disagreed Dr Blum argued that snuff put in the mouth can cause gum disease teeth problems and throat problems that lead to cancer Dr Blum also warned against chewing tobacco as a substitute for smoking He said chewing tobacco can lead to cancer of the mouth throat or digestive system
Medical researchers say another possible substitute for smoking is a special nicotine chewing gum The gum is already sold in Europe and Canada A report says research shows that the chewing gum will increase the amount of nicotine in a person＇s blood This helps satisfy some people＇s desire for a cigarette However the report says the chewing gum also leads to some unpleasant side effects And it may be dangerous for people with heart problems
Two other American scientists say they have found that the most effective way to stop smoking is to do it completely suddenly all at once The report by Saul Shirtman and Dr Murray Jogbett says that by stopping all at once the worst problems of nicotine withdrawal are over in just a few days But they say by continuing to smoke even a little less each day the problems of withdrawal never end completely
Bad effects
of smoking
Many kinds of disease and a number of other medical problems are 1connectedassociatedlinkedconcerned with smoking
2Difficulty
Trouble
in stopping smoking
The 3reason for this is that smokers are dependent on nicotine a poisonous substance in tobacco and people 4attemptingtrying to stop smoking have emotional problems and are unable to think sharply
5WaysMeasures to
stop smoking
Looking for substitutes for smoking
Snuff
Causing gum disease teeth problems and throat problems 6leading to cancer
Chewing
tobacco
Causing cancer of the mouth throat or digestive system
Nicotine
chewing
gum
◆Helping satisfy some people＇s desire for a cigarette by 7increasingraising the amount of nicotine in one＇s blood
◆Having some side effects and being dangerous for people who 8suffer from heart problems
Giving up smoking 9completely_suddenly all at once
In a few days the worst problems of nicotine withdrawal no longer 10exist
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原句感知
探究
①Today both male and female athletes from around the world can take part
②I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country
③Naturally after I tell her what to do my daughter must do the opposite
④You should apologize to Mary for your rude remarks
⑤Mr Jones must be a teacher isn＇t he
⑥He may come here by train but I am not sure
(1)情态动词没称数变化
(2)情态动词句中定词义单独作谓语动词连构成谓语(3)情态动词面接动词原形带to定式
[语法剖析]
语法点
基概念
情态动词作谓语部分称数变化(have to外)般单独谓语动词构成完整谓语单独作谓语省略回答时单独情态动词can (could) may (might) must have to shall (should) will (would) dare (dared) need (needed) ought to等
语法点二
基法
1can (could)
(1)表示力can表现力could指力
Two eyes can see more than one
两眼眼
Could the girl read before she went to school
女孩学前识字？
(2)表示客观(理逻辑判断)
He can＇t (couldn＇t) have enough money for a new car
足够钱买新车
You mustn＇t smoke while you＇re walking around in the wood You could start a fire
林子里走时吸烟样会引起火灾
(3)表示请求许
请求允许做某事时两者均could语气更委婉表示允许某做某事时cancould
Can I have a look at your new pen
新钢笔？
He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading room
问书带出阅览室
—Could I use your dictionary
——词典？
—Yes you can
——吧
(4)can表示推测时常否定句疑问句(could限制)表示发生行怀疑肯定常cancould＋have＋分词否定疑问形式
This can＇tcouldn＇t be done by him
干
We could go there this summer
年夏天
He can＇tcouldn＇t have been to that town
城镇
(5)表示惊异怀疑相信态度(否定句疑问句感叹句中)
How can you be so careless
粗心呀
[辨析较]
can
can两种时态形式现式can式could时中could常表示够做某事事实定做
be able to
be able to种时态形式waswere able to表示做成某事
[时演练1]
(1)完成句子
①快饿死现吃两碗米饭
I am starving to death I can eat two bowls of rice now
②起直没回信
I am sorry I haven＇t_been_able_to answer your letter
③时候男孩会游泳
At that time the little boy couldn＇t swim
④擅长游泳船沉时够游河岸
He was a good swimmer so he was_able_to swim to the river bank when the boat sank
⑤家——刚超市见
He can＇t be at home — I saw him in the supermarket just now
(2)(2016·天津高考)It was really annoying I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended
A．wouldn＇t B．couldn＇t
C．shouldn＇t D．needn＇t
解析：选B 句意：真烦权(couldn＇t get access to)推荐资料库B项couldn＇t意符合语境选B项
(3)(北京高考)________ I have a word with you It won＇t take long
A．Can B．Must
C．Shall D．Should
解析：选A 考查情态动词句意：谈谈？会太长时间can作情态动词讲时表示许意符合语境must意必须shall表示征求方意见处语境两话观法should表示应该选A项
2．may (might)
(1)表示允许might指时间指现时间语气更委婉
You may take whatever you like
喜欢什什
May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby
张宝宝片？
[名师点津] may般疑问句肯定回答maycan 作否定回答时mustn＇tcan＇t
—May I smoke here
——里吸烟？
—No you mustn＇t You＇d better not
——吸烟
(2)表示(事实)指时间指现时间语气肯定
He may be at home at the moment
现家
She may not know about it
知道件事
(3)表祝愿句子中
May both the bride and groom have long and happy lives
祝新娘新郎幸福长寿
[时演练2]
(1)(2015·陕西高考)You ________ feel all the training a waste of time but I＇m a hundred percent sure later you＇ll be grateful you did it
A．should B．need
C．shall D．may
解析：选D 考查情态动词句意：许觉训练浪费时间百分百确定会做心存感激句中but分句中a hundred percent sure知处表示语气强烈推测may
(2)(江西高考)Life is unpredictable even the poorest ________ become the richest
A．shall B．must
C．need D．might
解析：选D 考查情态动词句意：生活预料贫穷成钱might表示
3．must (have to)
(1)must表示必须没时态变化强调种观法表示责义务have to表示必须某种外界(客观)原必须做某事表示常惯性事必须做mustn＇t表示禁止做某事have to否定形式表示必have to种时态中
My brother was very ill so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night
弟弟病厉害半夜里医生请
We must do everything step by step
必须循序渐进做切事情
—Must we hand in our exercise books now
——现交练？
—Yes you must (No you needn＇tNo you don＇t have to)
——必须(必)
[名师点津] 回答must引出疑问句时果否定回答mustn＇tneedn＇t don＇t have to
(2)must表示猜测意想必准定等肯定句
The book must be the one you want
书定
She＇s wearing a diamond necklace She must have a lot of money
戴着钻石项链定钱
(3)must表示偏表示说话耐烦满情绪
Why must it rain on Sunday
什偏星期天雨？
[时演练3]
(1)适情态动词填空
①My sister is ill my mother has_to look after her
②There＇s a lot of noise from next door They must be having a party
③—Must I return all the books in three days
—Yes you must (No you needn＇tdon＇t_have_to)
(2)(2015·北京高考)—Can＇t you stay a little longer
—It＇s getting lateI really________ go now My daughter is home alone
A．may B．can
C．must D．dare
解析：选C 考查情态动词句意：难道会？天晚现真必须走女家答语中空格句前句句意知处指说话觉必须走must答案C
4．shall
(1)表示征询意见第第三称疑问句
Shall I get you some tea
点茶？
Shall the boy wait outside
男孩外面等？
(2)表示说话意愿命令允诺警告决心等意思第二第三称陈述句
You shall do as I say
说做(命令)
You shall have my answer tomorrow
明天答复(允诺)
He shall be punished sooner or later if he does it like this I tell you
告诉果样做迟早会受惩罚(警告)
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan
什阻止执行项计划(决心)
(3)表示规定法令等中应该必须第三称陈述句
Those belonging to our club shall wear uniforms
俱乐部成员必须穿制服
[时演练4]
(1)选择列句中shall含义
A．允诺 B．警告 C．威胁 D．征求意见
①You shall fail if you don＇t work harder ( B )
②He shall have a book when I finish reading ( A )
③You shall be punished for what you＇ve done ( C )
④Shall I watch TV for a while？( D )
(2)(江苏高考)—I haven＇t got the reference book yet but I＇ll have a test on the subject next month
—Don＇t worry You ________ have it by Friday
A．could B．shall
C．must D．may
解析：选B 考查情态动词处shall第二称陈述句中表示说话许诺
5．should
(1)表示义务责意应该(某件事宜做)种称
You should be polite to your teachers
老师应该礼貌
(2)表示性猜测意想必定说应该估计等
The film should be very good as it is starring firstclass actors
部电影流演员演估计拍
(3)表示说话惊讶愤怒失等特殊情感意居然竟然
Amazing You should wear slippers at work
真令惊讶竟然穿着拖鞋班
[时演练5]
(1)(江苏高考)It was sad to me that they so poor themselves ________ bring me food
A．might B．would
C．should D．could
解析：选C 然穷竟然带食物should竟然符合句意
(2)What do you mean there are only ten tickets？There________ be twelve
A．should B．would
C．will D．shall
解析：选A 考查情态动词句意：10张票什意思？应该12张票should表示推测时暗含意应该……would表示意愿willshall陈述句中表示说话者允许威胁命令等语气
6．will (would)
(1)表示意志意愿will指现would指否定句表示肯乐意
I will never do that again
决会做事
(2)表示征求意见提出请求第二称疑问句中willwould均would时表示表示委婉语气
WillWould you pass me the book
请书递？
(3)willwould分表示现反复发生动作某种倾意总常常
He will sit up there all night
总整夜坐
He would drop in on me on Sundays
常常星期天便
[辨析较]
used to
指动作状态着眼现时间状语连
would
表示情况指惯动作说明现情况
[时演练6]
(1)适情态动词填空
①WillWould you please save some dessert for me
②He used_to be a very strong man but now he isn＇t
③We would sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story
(2)(四川高考)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ________ take me to Disneyland at weekends
A．might B．must
C．would D．should
解析：选C 考查情态动词句意：然记快乐童年时母亲常会周末带迪斯尼乐园would表示惯性动作译常会总
7．ought to
(1)表示职责义务意应该(责义务等该做)口气should稍重
You are his father You ought to take care of him
父亲应顾
You oughtn＇t to smoke so much
应该抽烟
(2)表示推测暗含性似should
Han Mei ought to know his telephone number
韩梅应该知道电话号码
[时演练7]
—Shall I go and buy two more bottles of beer
—No I＇ve already bought twenty That________ be enough for us two
A．ought to B．will
C．may D．might
解析：选A 表示推测时ought to may might性次降低根语境I＇ve already bought twenty推断出够两喝性非常选A
8．needdare
(1)作情态动词时动词原形常否定句疑问句中般肯定句第三称单数形式dare式形式构成疑问句时移句首构成否定句时直接加not
—Need I tell him everything
——告诉切？
—Yes you mustNo you needn＇t
——没必
How dare she do things like that to me
敢做样事？
(2)作实义动词时否定疑问构成需助dodiddoes need面接带to定式疑问句否定句中dare省to称数变化
He didn＇t dare (to) go there
敢
Right now you need to stay still until help comes
现需着动直帮忙
What he needs now are books
现需书籍
[时演练8]
(1)dareneed 适形式填空
①You needn＇t hurry There is still enough time to go
②—Must I go right now
—No you needn＇t
③How dare you say I＇m unfair
④He daren＇t speak English before such a crowd dare he
⑤He needs to finish it this evening
⑥Don＇t you dare touch it
(2)(2016·北京高考)I love the weekend because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays
A．needn＇t B．mustn＇t
C．wouldn＇t D．shouldn＇t
解析：选A 句意：喜欢周末周六周日必(needn＇t)早起A项needn＇t意必没必符合语境mustn＇t禁止wouldn＇t愿意shouldn＇t应该
写项运动历史
[技法指导]
写项运动历史三方面着手：
第运动项目定义写运动项目名称规全球受欢迎程度等
第二运动项目相关信息写运动项目发展史重视程度取成等
第三运动项目现状
[黄金表达]
1．The sport is a kind of
2．It has a long history
3．Not only is it played but also
4． with the history of years
5．It was developedcreated by
6．It was spread to other countries
7．It is meantdesigned to
8．It is aimed at
9．It is practised
10．It is popular with
[写作规范]
[题目求]
假定李美国笔友David中国武术迷写封email英语简单介绍中国武术请根面提供信息回封email中中国武术作项需发挥
定义
武术门关武艺中国传统体育运动项目
历史
中国武术着悠久历史
影响
武术中国文化重组成部分
流派
流派少林武术出名
作
……
具影响
力武
术明星
李龙李连杰成龙
现状
·目前全球100国家武
·武术目前奥运会赛项目直努力中国武术早日进入奥运会
注意：1词数：150左右
2．文章开头结尾已出计入总词数
Dear David
Very glad to read your email You say you are a wushu fan Now I will tell you something about Chinese wushu
Yours
Li Ping
[三步作文法]
第步：搜索词汇
1．项目 event
2．流派 style
3．功夫 wushumartial_art
4．众 a_variety_ofvariousall_kinds_of
5．健体 build_up_one＇s_body
第二步：词造句
1．武术仅悠久历史中国文化产生重影响
①Wushu has_its_origins in China Wushu has a great effect on Chinese culture
②Wushu not_only_has_its_origins in China but_also has a great effect on Chinese culture
2．武术流派中少林武术出名
①There are a variety of wushu styles Shaolin wushu is_the_bestknown
②There are a variety of wushu styles of_which shaolin wushu is the bestknown
3．直努力中国武术早日进入奥运会
①People have_been_making_attempts People will make_it a reality that wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible
②People have_been_making_attempts_to_make_it_a_reality_that wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible
第三步：连句成篇
Dear David
Very glad to read your email You say you are a wushu fan Now I will tell you something about Chinese wushu
Wushu by tradition is a Chinese sport and now it is one of the most practised martial arts in the world
Wushu not only has its origins in China but also has a great effect on Chinese culture Now wushu plays an important part in Chinese culture
There are a variety of wushu styles of which Shaolin Wushu is the best known Wushu which is intended to build up one＇s body and defend oneself is popular with young people
Film stars like Bruce Lee Jet Li and Jackie Chan have made great contributions to the spread of wushu around the world People have set up many associations which are of great significance to the development of wushu
It is a pity that wushu is not the event of the Olympic Games But people have been making attempts to make it a reality that wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible
I do hope you can come to China to learn the Chinese martial art
Yours
Li Ping
Ⅰ单项填空
1．—May I take this book out of the reading room
—No you ________ You read it in here
A．mightn＇t B．won＇t
C．needn＇t D．mustn＇t
解析：选D 考查情态动词句意：书出阅览室？定带出里读mustn＇t定表示禁止May般疑问句作否定回答常mustn＇tcan＇t
2．I have told you the truth ________ I keep repeating it
A．Must B．Can
C．May D．Will
解析：选A must处表示方行说话满懊恼意偏
3．The traffic is heavy these days I ________ arrive a bit late so could you save me a place
A．can B．must
C．need D．might
解析：选D 句意：天交通拥挤会晚会达否留位置？might里表示性
4．In general she is devoted to her studies but she ________ be a little naughty at times
A．will B．can
C．should D．would
解析：选B 考查情态动词句意：总体说致力学时候点调皮can语境描述种客观性：It can be warm in winter
5．—It＇s the office So you ________ know eating is not allowed here
—Oh sorry
A．must B．will
C．may D．need
解析：选A 考查情态动词法前句句意：办公室知道里吃东西允许句子责备方带命令语气应选择must
6．He＇s strange — he ________ sit for hours without saying anything
A．shall B．will
C．can D．must
解析：选B 考查情态动词句意：怪坐时句话说will表示惯特性尤受时间限制必然发生情况
7．I advised him to give up smoking but he ________ listen to my advice and went on as ever before
A．wouldn＇t B．couldn＇t
C．shouldn＇t D．might not
解析：选A 理解句意知劝戒烟时行素愿意听应该选wouldn＇t表示意愿couldn＇t表示shouldn＇t表示应该might not表示许句意符
8．—What does the sign over there read
—No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette cigar or pipe in this area
A．will B．may
C．shall D．must
解析：选C 考查情态动词法句公场标识语题意处禁止吸烟携带种香烟must表示必须肯定句will表示意愿may表示shall表达决心强硬性建议
9．You can＇t imagine that a wellbehaved gentleman ________ be so rude to a lady
A．might B．need
C．should D．would
解析：选C 句中should表示惊异意外等情绪常意竟然
10．The head teacher said that we ________ have a day off on Sunday if we did a good job in the exam
A．should B．could
C．must D．may
解析：选B 句意：班说考试考话允许星期天休假天情态动词could间接引语中表示允许B项正确
Ⅱ方框中情态动词适形式填空
1．Accidents can happen on such a rainy day
2．The fire spread through the hotel quickly but everyone was_able_to get out
3．The school rules say that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day
4．I saw her go out just now She can＇t be at home now
5．—Must we hand in the homework before school is over
—No you needn＇t You canmay hand it in tomorrow morning
6．My younger sister dare not go out alone at night
7．You should do something for your aged parents
8．When we worked in the same office we would have coffee together
9．Why must you always smoke in the office
10．I＇m sorry that you should think so badly of me
Ⅲ语法写作(完成句子)
1．He must_be_ill (准病) He looks so pale
2．He shall_be_sorry (会悔) for it one day I tell you
3．After years of hard work he was_able_to (够) win the prize
4．If you must_smoke (定抽烟) at least you could use an ashtray
5．You can_go_with_them (起) if you like
6．They shouldought_to_have_arrived_in_Shanghai (该海) by now
[应学生课力提升(七)]
Ⅰ单项填空
1．—I hear you＇ve got a set of valuable Australian coins________ I have a look
—Yes certainly
A．Do B．May
C．Will D．Should
解析：选B may表示征求方许will表示征求许时第二称连选B
2．It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems
A．must B．dare
C．need D．may
解析：选D 句意：解文化差异重差异会引发问题may表示推测意must 表示必性握推测dare作情态动词时表示敢竟敢need表示必性意需必须
3．—Is John coming by train
—He should but he ________ not He likes driving his car
A．must B．can
C．need D．may
解析：选D 先确定问句般时come go leave start等类趋动词进行时表示含义答语动作作出判断must not准句意符排A项cannot分开写排B项need not必句意符排C项D项定正面He likes driving his car相吻合选D项
4．Attention please Whoever can answer one of my questions ________ receive a prize the teacher said in class
A．might B．shall
C．should D．would
解析：选B shall陈述句中第二第三称时表示警告命令允诺威胁等语气 might 表示性 should表示应该(义务性)would表示意愿知里选B项表示允诺
5．You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ________ not like the design of the furniture
A．must B．shall
C．may D．need
解析：选C 句意：告诉制造商男性顾客喜欢家具图案设计might just as well表示推断文语气肯定may
6．Even though I＇d hurt my leg I ________ swim back to the river bank
A．could B．dare
C．had to D．was able to
解析：选D 句意：腿受伤游回河岸表示力成功做成某事be able tocoulddare敢 have to
7．—Boy which website are you surfing on the Internet now
—Oh Mum ________ I tell you everything I do
A．Must B．Should
C．Can D．Shall
解析：选A 考查情态动词句意：孩子网站啊？噢妈妈……非告诉做事？must表示非偏偏硬符合语境
8．—Why are you figuring out these figures by hand
—Oh my computer has crashed It ________ work
A．can＇t B．mustn＇t
C．needn＇t D．won＇t
解析：选D 答语知电脑死机面应该表示拒绝工作can＇t表示没力mustn＇t表示定禁止needn＇t表示没必won＇t表示肯根句意应该选D项
9．It＇s really strange that they ________ have left without saying goodbye to us
A．could B．would
C．must D．should
解析：选D 题should表示竟然居然意符合句意真奇怪竟然没道走
10．—Why didn＇t he go to the airport to pick you up
—Oh he ________ for the airport had a bus to send us back to the centre of the city
A．needed not B．needed not to
C．didn＇t need D．didn＇t need to
解析：选D 首先need作情态动词时候没式变化次定式省略中动词省略定式符号省略题答案D项
Ⅱ阅读理解
For a while my neighborhood was taken over by an army of joggers (慢跑者) They were there all the time early mornings noons and evenings There were little old ladies in gray sweats young couples in Adidas shoes middleaged men with red faces Come on My friend Alex encouraged me to join him as he jogged by my house every evening You＇ll feel great
Well I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day anyone could So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life and not a day more Based on my experience jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around and judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army I＇m not alone in my opinion
First of all jogging is very hard on the body Your legs and feet take a real pounding running down a road for two or three miles I developed foot leg and back problems Then I read about a nationally famous jogger who died of a heart attack while jogging and I had something else to worry about Jogging doesn＇t kill hundreds of people but if you have any physical weaknesses jogging will surely bring them out as they did with me
Secondly I got no enjoyment out of jogging Putting one foot in front of the other for fortyfive minutes isn＇t my idea of fun Jogging is also a lonely pastime Some joggers sayI love being out there with just my thoughts Well my thoughts began to bore me and most of them were on how much my legs hurt
And how could I enjoy something that brought me pain And that wasn＇t just the first week it was practically every day for two months I never got past the pain level and pain isn＇t fun What a cruel way to do it So many other exercises including walking lead to almost the same results painlessly so why jog
I don＇t jog any more and I don＇t think I ever will I＇m walking two miles three times a week at a fast pace and that feels good I bicycle to work when the weather is good I＇m getting exercise and I＇m enjoying it at the same time I could never say the same for jogging and I＇ve found a lot of better ways to stay in shape
1．From the first paragraph we learn that in the writer＇s neighborhood ________
A．jogging became very popular
B．people jogged only during the daytime
C．Alex organized an army of joggers
D．jogging provided a chance to get together
解析：选A 推理判断题第段中提作者街区处形形色色慢跑者推断A项正确B项段第二句容符两项文章中没信息支持
2．The underlined word them in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to ________
A．heart attacks
B．back problems
C．famous joggers
D．physical weaknesses
解析：选D 词义猜测题句前面提果身体虚弱症状慢跑会显示出推断项正确文章中没提作者患心脏病A项句中as they did with me符B项身体虚弱方面表现
3．What was the writer＇s attitude towards jogging in the beginning
A．He felt it was worth a try
B．He was very fond of it
C．He was strongly against it
D．He thought it must be painful
解析：选A 推理判断题根第二段第句容知作者起初认尝试慢跑
4．Why did the writer give up jogging two months later
A．He disliked doing exercise outside
B．He found it neither healthy nor interesting
C．He was afraid of having a heart attack
D．He was worried about being left alone
解析：选B 推理判断题结合第三段第句句第四段第句推知项正确作者深受慢跑害决定放弃种运动文章半部分提作者喜欢外出快走骑行车班A项正确两项文章中没信息支持
5．From the writer＇s experience we can conclude that
________
A．not everyone enjoys jogging
B．he is the only person who hates jogging
C．nothing other than jogging can help people keep fit
D．jogging makes people feel greater than any other sport
解析：选A 推理判断题文章开头部分提慢跑作者街区已蔚然成风作者尝试段时间放弃推断非喜欢慢跑B项绝作者没推崇慢跑意思两项恰
Ⅲ务型阅读
The health dangers of smoking have been well reported For years doctors have warned that smoking can cause lung cancer Studies also have linked smoking to several other kinds of cancer heart attacks and other diseases lung diseases and a number of other medical problems The repeated health warnings have had an effect Thousands of people have stopped smoking But as many people have learned stopping smoking can be very difficult
A major problem apparently is the nicotine a poisonous substance found in tobacco Small amounts of nicotine are released as tobacco is burned And over many years of smoking a person＇s body becomes dependent on the substance An attempt to stop smoking brings the problems of nicotine withdrawal (脱瘾程)．
American medical researchers have found that nicotine withdrawal causes people to become angry very easily aggressive worried and unable to think sharply Many people who have tried to stop smoking would confirm those findings
To help people give up smoking some tobacco companies have proposed chewing tobacco or using snuff as safe substitutes (代物) Snuff is a tobacco powder that usually is breathed in But many people put it between their gum and cheek
A group of British scientists said recently that many lives could be saved by a major program to get cigarette smokers to change to snuff An American scientist Allan Blum disagreed Dr Blum argued that snuff put in the mouth can cause gum disease teeth problems and throat problems that lead to cancer Dr Blum also warned against chewing tobacco as a substitute for smoking He said chewing tobacco can lead to cancer of the mouth throat or digestive system
Medical researchers say another possible substitute for smoking is a special nicotine chewing gum The gum is already sold in Europe and Canada A report says research shows that the chewing gum will increase the amount of nicotine in a person＇s blood This helps satisfy some people＇s desire for a cigarette However the report says the chewing gum also leads to some unpleasant side effects And it may be dangerous for people with heart problems
Two other American scientists say they have found that the most effective way to stop smoking is to do it completely suddenly all at once The report by Saul Shirtman and Dr Murray Jogbett says that by stopping all at once the worst problems of nicotine withdrawal are over in just a few days But they say by continuing to smoke even a little less each day the problems of withdrawal never end completely
Bad effects
of smoking
Many kinds of disease and a number of other medical problems are 1connectedassociatedlinkedconcerned with smoking
2Difficulty
Trouble
in stopping smoking
The 3reason for this is that smokers are dependent on nicotine a poisonous substance in tobacco and people 4attemptingtrying to stop smoking have emotional problems and are unable to think sharply
5WaysMeasures to
stop smoking
Looking for substitutes for smoking
Snuff
Causing gum disease teeth problems and throat problems 6leading to cancer
Chewing
tobacco
Causing cancer of the mouth throat or digestive system
Nicotine
chewing
gum
◆Helping satisfy some people＇s desire for a cigarette by 7increasingraising the amount of nicotine in one＇s blood
◆Having some side effects and being dangerous for people who 8suffer from heart problems
Giving up smoking 9completely_suddenly all at once
In a few days the worst problems of nicotine withdrawal no longer 10exist
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