2022届高考英语一轮复习阅读之说明文提升模拟训练


    2022高考英语阅读说明文提升模拟训练
    (A)
    Cosplayers(角色扮演者)can invest considerable time money and effort into making best headtotoe presentations that are oneofakind But what inspires cosplayers to present themselves with so many detailed artistic designs Psychologists try to reveal the facts through research
    When a cosplayer selects a particular costume heshe is often getting inside a specific characteror combination of charactersbecause something about that role speaks to them personally according to Robin S Rosenberg a clinical psychologist at the University of California San Francisco
    Batman for example can be an especially meaningful cosplay choice for someone coping with trauma(创伤) The dark superhero faced destructive trauma when he was a childwitnessing the cruel and violent murder of his parentswhich he overcame to become a hero When people are dressed as Batman many talk about having experienced their own traumatic experiences Rosenberg said He survived and found meaning and purpose from his experience and that is inspiring to them
    Rosenberg noted that Wonder Woman is another popular choice which calls up many women’s feelings partly because she holds her own in the maledominated world of costumed comics superheroes For those cosplayers dressing as Wonder Woman is a way of celebrating and embracing her power Rosenberg said
    Cosplay is a type of performance which frequently moves strangers to approach the character for conversation and photos So it surprised Rosenberg to discover that many cosplayers were identified as introverts When they wore a costume they became much more socially outgoing Rosenberg said She explained that sometimes wearing a costume allows a person to obtain confidence they didn't know they had and helps them overcome shyness in real life
    When you do any kind of costumingbut particularly cosplayon the one hand it gives you permission to step outside yourself Rosenberg said But on the other hand it can bring out something in you that doesn’t usually come out
    1 What does Rosenberg try to convey in Paragraph 2
    A Cosplayers have a special liking for costumes
    B Cosplayers play different roles within one day
    C Cosplayers have nothing to do but talk to themselves
    D Cosplayers express themselves through costumes
    2 Batman and Wonder Woman are cited to reveal cosplayers’ ___________
    A childhood abuse B need to repair personal difficulties
    C gender inequality D eagerness to defeat other people
    3 Why did Rosenberg feel surprised
    A Cosplayers changed their personality once in costumes
    B Cosplayers couldn’t wait to socialize when costumed
    C Many cosplayers attracted strangers to talk with them
    D So many cosplayers were considered as pessimistic people
    4 What may serve as the most suitable title of the text
    ADevotion to cosplay B People in costumes
    C Batman or Wonder Woman D Psychology behind cosplay
    (B)
    Pricing is more than a number it’s a series of integrated ( 综合) strategies For most businesses managers put a great deal of effort into making and marketing their products but where many fall short is in transforming the value they create into profits
    All too often critical pricing decisions prove illconsidered Many companies base pricing primarily on their costs leaving money on the table in the form of hidden profits In reality they could make more if they focused instead on the value they deliver to customers Baseball fans are willing to pay over 100 for a ticket stub ( 票 根 ) for the baseball game in which Cal Ripkin broke Lou Gehrig’s record of playing 2160 games in succession For them these tickets have a collector’s value which far exceeds the admission cost charged that day to enter the ballpark
    A product’s cost simply represents the floor or minimum price that should be charged Everything charged above that floor is obtained from the perceived value in the mind of the purchaser Think about how diverse people are It would be surprising to find two people who value the same product identically Value is highly subjective and intensely personal Thus a clearly interlinking databacked value analysis is the key to developing a worthwhile pricing structure
    Adjusting your price with value and adopting a multiprice mindset are the fundamentals of pricing for profits and growth The traditional search for the perfect price has to be replaced with a multiprice mindset One price simply is not the best What is required is a series of strategies to benefit from each customer’s unique valuation of a product For example managers in Carribean attractions know vacationers from snowcovered Boston will value their hotel rooms more highly in January than those from sunny Florida Therefore they advertise their rooms for 350 a day in Boston newspapers if you ring up and use the promotional code Boston But if you were to use the code Florida instead you might get the same rooms for 250 a day – the price quoted in Florida advertisements
    1What needs improving for most businesses according to the author
    A Making products B Expanding market
    C Digging pricing D Decreasing costs
    2 What can we know about hidden profits
    A They root in personal preferences B They vary with the market
    C They are often overexplored D They are closely costrelated
    3What can we infer form the last paragraph
    AThe more prices offered the more profits to be made
    BBusinesses should outweigh pricing over anything else
    CCustomers prefer to buy the same products at different prices
    DProper pricing offers a shortcut to generating big new profits
    4What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
    A To uncover challenges in business
    B To blame casual pricing decisions
    C To decode the art of pricing
    D To promote multiprice mindset
    (C)
    The warm coast of California is a place where many western monarch butterflies stay during the cold winter months in the United States Researchers fear the record low number of monarchs this year could mean the insects are in danger of disappearing in the near future
    Researchers from the Xerces Society said they found fewer than 2000 orange — and — black butterflies in the yearly count this January That number showed a big drop from the tens of thousands in recent years In the 1980s there were millions of them in trees from Northern California’s Marin County to San Diego County near the Mexico border Last winter it recorded around 29000 butterflies in its yearly survey That was similar to the winter before when an alltime low of 27000 monarchs was counted
    Every winter western monarch butterflies fly south from the northwestern U S to California At the start of November they arrive in California often going to the same places and even the same trees Once warmer weather arrives in March the monarchs begin their journey back north stopping somewhere along the route to lay eggs After egglaying the adult butterflies die and the northward migration (迁徙)is continued by their new generations Thus the monarch butterflies disperse across the country
    Scientists say there are several causes for the extremely low numbers of butterflies in the western states Homebuilding and chemical use have destroyed milkweed plants along their migratory path The plants are needed for monarch butterflies to grow and develop which is the only food monarchs will eat and the only place they will lay their eggs on Climate change influences the growth of wild plants And huge wildfires in the west may also have influenced their migration
    Luckily some public campaigns have encouraged people to plant milkweed in their yards and cities People can also help scientists collect data which is critical for developing conservation policies to protect monarchs Then there are many larger — scale efforts to protect habitats and better manage land for reproduction
    1 How does the author develop paragraph 2
    A By making classifications B By citing statistics
    C By explaining definitions D By analysing cause and effect
    2 What does the underlined word disperse in paragraph 3 probably mean
    A Spread B Gather C Disappear D Hide
    3 Which word best describes monarch butterflies' relationship with milkweed
    A Inseparable B Independent C Unstable D Unfriendly
    4 What's the main idea of the last paragraph
    A Monarch butterflies' life habits
    B Monarch butterflies' living habitats
    C Efforts to preserve monarch butterflies
    D Threats to monarch butterflies' survival
    (D)
    Buying clothes for a special event hiding the price tickets and returning them to the store the next day has for years been the method of economical shoppers Today people are doing it just for social media
    A survey conducted by the credit card company Barclaycard revealed that nearly one in ten UK shoppers admits to buying clothing only to post photos on social media for likes After the outfit (装束) of the day makes it online they return it to the store According to Barclaycard the try before you buy policy of online retailers (零售商) where people pay for clothing they order online after they try it on at home could be contributing to this rising trend
    But the rise of social media has meant that everyone not just superstars expects to build and maintain a personal brand Since we’re documenting our lives and posting them online for public judgment getting caught in the same outfits more than once should be avoided And the cost of all those outfits of the day adds up which makes returning a popular way
    There are brands that tailor clothes specifically for social media shoppers like Fashion Nova These are clothes made for social media meant to be worn once photographed and abandoned Allison P Davis wrote in her report about the brand Another favorite of the social media age is Rent the Runway which lets customers rent designer clothing for a fee
    Some however are moving in the opposite direction Groups promoting work uniforms have increased greatly in recent years aiming to free women from the annoyance of clothing decisions The concept of the capsule wardrobe (胶囊衣柜) which calls for purchasing a small number of highquality pieces instead of lots of trendy throwaway clothes is also making a comeback
    1 What does the survey by Barclaycard indicate
    A Some Britons send outfits back after shoots
    B Britons try on clothes before online purchases
    C Britons follow the fashion stars closely
    D Some Britons overorder and return clothes
    2 What’s Fashion Nova’s special service
    A Renting chargeable designer clothes
    B Offering customers singleuse clothes
    C Creating unique shopping experiences
    D Helping shoppers improve their clothing style
    3 What’s the idea behind the capsule wardrobe
    A Better fewer but better
    B Less addition but more enjoyment
    C Less uniform and more freedom
    D More choices and less annoyance
    4 What’s the purpose of the author to write the text
    A To compare different wearing trends
    B To criticize the try before you buy policy
    C To advocate buying highquality clothes
    D To introduce Britain’s new wearing trend
    (E)
    The production and distribution of food accounts for around a third of the world's total greenhouse gas emissions(排放)But as a consumer it's difficult to measure the climate impact of what you eat
    A Dublinbased startup called Evocco could soon make it much easier It lets users track and improve the climate impact of your food purchases Users simply photograph their grocery receipts using the Evocco app which identifies the food products by reading the printed text and using machine learning It then calculates the carbon footprint based on the store's location and by checking the type weight and origin o£ a food against a database The database is maintained by Eaternity a life cycle assessment company based in Switzerland If the receipt doesn't contain enough data on a product it will give an estimate based on similar products and reference points
    The app is available for free on iOS and Android devices which has been downloaded more than 1000 times since its launch at the end of last year As well as the personal shopping app — which Evocco hopes to launch in the United States by the end of this year the company is developing a digital tool to sell to food storekeepers ecommerce platforms and delivery apps that will track the climate impact of a product's journey through the supply chain The aim is to help storekeepers provide climate impact information directly to consumers and more importantly to give Evocco access to product data to improve its app
    The Evocco app is not the only app looking to reach this climateconscious market There's Capture which estimates monthly CO2 emissions by asking users a series of questions on diet transport and other factors as well as Yayzy and My Carbon Action which link to a user's bank account calculating their footprint from trade
    1 What is the Evocco app designed to do
    A Confirm the origin of food products
    B Work out the climate effect of food
    C Collect varieties of grocery receipts
    D Monitor customers' shopping practices
    2 What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refer to
    A The product B The receipt C Evocco D Eaternity
    3 What do we know about the company Evocco from Paragraph 3
    A It profits a great deal from its app
    B It has launched its app in America
    C It is trying to get its app improved
    D It prefers to sell its app to storekeepers
    4 What does the last paragraph imply
    A The Evocco app is still far from satisfactory
    B Smart tools make tracking carbon footprint easier
    C Present digital markets should be strictly restricted
    D Environmental awareness boosts food industry rapidly
    (F)
    It’s become an accepted part of keeping up to date with extended family and friends but if schoolchildren were in their parents’ shoes the majority wouldn’t share posts of their sons and daughters online Over 55 said they would not upload news about or images of their children to their social media according to a survey of over 16000 pupils by Votes for Schools
    While some were concerned about being embarrassed or the content which could remain online indefinitely others expressed concern about their personal data being revealed One of the pupils surveyed said Although our parents mean well sometimes the consequence of a post can be disastrous
    In response to the survey children’s mental health charity Place2Be and law firm Mishcon de Reya have produced three films ahead of the Christmas holidays―the best period for parental oversharing
    In one video about safety online 10yearold Adavan said If you share anything with your family you know who’s going to see it But if you share it publicly there are millions of people who can see your picture
    Joe Hancock a security lead at Mishcon de Reya encouraged parents to share wisely Simple steps such as checking your privacy settings and asking others not to share content of your children on their accounts if they haven’t updated their privacy settings are a good start And as we found out from the children during filming having their permission is key he said
    The study marks a shift away from the usual debate about teaching children to use the Internet safely Sandra Davis head of the law firm’s family department said Children are the experts on the real and immediate impact of sharenting (晒娃)―the full extent of which we cannot know yet We must ensure we listen to children and take their views into consideration now in order to avoid any unintended consequences further down the line
    1 What’s most pupils’ attitude towards sharing posts about children
    A Skeptical B Tolerant C Unwilling D Unconcerned
    2 What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2
    A Summarize the previous paragraph
    B Provide some advice for parents
    C Predict the consequence of sharing posts
    D Give reasons for the result of the survey
    3 What should parents first pay attention to according to Joe Hancock
    A Safety B Consequence C Wisdom D Health
    4 What can we learn from the last paragraph
    A Parents should take children’s opinions into account
    B Parents should teach children to use the Internet safely
    C Children must make sure to listen to their parents
    D Children should avoid unintended consequences of sharenting
    (G)
    Over the last decade Grandpa Ron as the students call him has volunteered thousands of hours every year to be with local school children—but it wasn't until classes moved online due to COVID19 that Ron Jacobson realized his impact That impact reached far deeper than being a school volunteer And those students were now missing the hugs he gave them every morning
    Back in March 2020 Jacobson had already volunteered for 900 hours during the 2019— 2020 school year by the time Cle ElumRoslyn Elementary in Ronald Washington closed its doors and turned to online teaching
    These kids who relied on me being there for them had suddenly lost me Jacobson said When they started doing their schoolwork online several said that they missed Grandpa Ron
    The school received so many requests for Grandpa Ron that it added Jacobson's email address and home address to the school's online directory(通讯录)allowing students to keep in touch with Jacobson Students immediately began sending Jacobson emails and letters and even coming to his home to check up on him and offer to walk his dog
    Jacobson now responds to each of the students adding a bright spot to the students' days and his own
    I am happy to listen to the kids' problems as well Jacobson said I have heard from school teachers and parents how much this regular communication has changed the kids' attitudes
    The Veterans of Foreign Wars has honored Jacobson — a Vietnam veteran(越战老兵)by naming him a spokesman for their campaign StillServing which shows many ways America's veterans continue serving even after leaving the army
    The Marine Corps taught me the two important things: finish the task and take care of your troops(军队)I'm still taking care of the troops Jacobson said
    It's just that they are 75 years younger than he is
    1 How did the school react to the school kids' requests
    A It offered Jacobson's contact information
    B It asked Jacobson to write to all of them
    C It showed every student's email address
    D It sent Jacobson to visit them in person
    2 How did Jacobson feel about the online communication with the students
    A Tired B Worried
    C Pleased D Confused
    3 Why is veteran Jacobson regarded a spokesman for StillServing
    A He still serves in the army
    B He trained many volunteers
    C He continues to serve others
    D He encourages kids to serve
    4 What does the underlined word they in the last paragraph refer to
    A School teachers B Vietnam veterans
    C Young volunteers D Local school kids
    参考答案:
    A:DBAD
    B:CADC
    C:BAAC
    D:ABAD
    E:BDCB
    F:DBAB
    G:ACCD


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